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A case–control study of tobacco use and other non-occupational risk factors for t(14;18) subtypes of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (United States)

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Abstract

Objective: Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) encompasses diverse subtypes, and analyzing NHL as a single outcome may mask associations. In a new approach we evaluated associations with subtypes defined by the t(14;18) translocation, reasoning that cases within these subtypes would have more common risk factors than all NHL Combined. Methods: Archival biopsies from cases in a population-based NHL study were assayed for t(14;18) using polymerase chain reaction amplification. Exposures in 68 t(14;18)-positive and 114-negative cases were compared with 1245 controls. The expectation–maximization algorithm was used to fit polytomous regression models based on all available information, including data from 440 unclassified cases. Results: Family history of hemolymphatic cancer was associated with t(14;18)-negative NHL (odds ratio (OR) 2.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.4–3.9), but not t(14;18)-positive NHL. Cigarette smoking was weakly associated with t(14;18)-positive NHL (OR 1.7, CI 0.9–3.3), but ORs decreased as smoking increased. Chewing tobacco was associated with t(14;18)-positive NHL, particularly when used before age 18 (OR 2.5, CI 1.0–6.0, 13 exposed cases). Odds ratios for both case-subtypes were doubled among hair-dye users. Conclusions: Cigarette smoking was not clearly associated with t(14;18)-positive NHL. Family history may be a marker for factors that act specifically through t(14;18)-negative pathogenic mechanisms.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA

    J.C. Schroeder

  2. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2103C McGavran-Greenberg Hall, CB 7435, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    J.C. Schroeder, A.F. Olshan, R. Baric & B. Yount

  3. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    G.A. Dent

  4. Biostatistics Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA

    C.R. Weinberg

  5. Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA

    J.R. Cerhan

  6. Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA

    C.F. Lynch

  7. Department of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA

    L.M. Schuman

  8. Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA

    P.E. Tolbert

  9. Occupational Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA

    N. Rothman, K.P. Cantor & A. Blair

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  1. J.C. Schroeder
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  3. R. Baric
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Schroeder, J., Olshan, A., Baric, R. et al. A case–control study of tobacco use and other non-occupational risk factors for t(14;18) subtypes of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (United States). Cancer Causes Control 13, 159–168 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014397920185

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