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Impact of sol aging on TiO2 compact layer and photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cell

胶体陈化时间对TiO2致密层及钙钛矿太阳电池性能的影响探究

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Abstract

Perovskite solar cells are known to have a power conversion efficiency dependent on subtle variation in chemical composition and crystal and microstructures of materials, processing conditions, and device fabrication procedures and conditions. The present work demonstrates such strong dependence of power conversion efficiency on a TiO2 film made of the same sol with various aging time. A dense and conformal TiO2 film was prepared by sol-gel method, and the influences of its surface morphology and thickness on performance of perovskite solar cells have been investigated. The surface morphology and thickness of the TiO2 film were tuned by adjusting the aging time of sol, resulting in enhanced short-circuit current density and fill factor of the perovskite solar cells due to increased coverage and roughness of perovskite films, light refraction, and effective charge recombination blocking effect, which were verified by means of the light absorption spectra, photoluminescence of perovskite films with and without hole transport layer, cyclic voltammogram, and electrochemical impedance spectra. The cells with a dense and conformal TiO2 compact layer derived fromthe sol aged for 4 h exhibit a power conversion efficiency of 15.7%, 50% higher than the efficiency based on TiO2 layer derived from 0 h aging sol and 3 times of the efficiency with TiO2 layer made from 8 h aged sol.

摘要

钙钛矿太阳电池的光伏性能有赖于对材料的化学组分、晶体以及微观结构的精细调控和对工艺条件和制备过程的控制. 本工作针对不同陈化时间的溶胶制备的TiO2致密层与太阳电池性能之间的关联性进行了研究. 研究中, 通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了致密、均匀的TiO2薄膜, 并研究了其表面形貌及厚度对钙钛矿太阳电池性能的影响. 通过调节溶胶的陈化时间可以实现对TiO2表面形貌和厚度的控制, 由于陈化后的溶胶会提高TiO2致密层的覆盖度, 粗糙度及光的折射率, 并有效阻挡电子的复合, 从而导致钙钛矿太阳电池中短路电流密度和填充因子提升. 钙钛矿薄膜的吸收光谱, 光致发光谱, TiO2薄膜的循环伏安测试及整个电池的交流阻抗谱的测试结果, 也进一步论证了该结论. 结果显示使用陈化时间为4 h的溶胶制备的钙钛矿电池获得了15.7%的能量转化效率, 比使用0 h陈化的溶胶制备的太阳电池效率高出50%, 是使用陈化时间为8 h的溶胶制备的太阳能电池效率的3倍.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100083, China

    Lixue Guo  (郭立雪), Chengbin Fei  (费成斌), Rong Zhang  (张荣), Jianjun Tian  (田建军) & Guozhong Cao  (曹国忠)

  2. Advanced Material and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology, Beijing, 100083, China

    Bo Li  (李波), Ting Shen  (沈婷) & Jianjun Tian  (田建军)

  3. Department of Materials and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195-2120, USA

    Guozhong Cao  (曹国忠)

Authors
  1. Lixue Guo  (郭立雪)
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  2. Chengbin Fei  (费成斌)
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  3. Rong Zhang  (张荣)
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  4. Bo Li  (李波)
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  5. Ting Shen  (沈婷)
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  6. Jianjun Tian  (田建军)
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  7. Guozhong Cao  (曹国忠)
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Jianjun Tian  (田建军) or Guozhong Cao  (曹国忠).

Additional information

Lixue Guo is currently a master candidate in Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Her research interest focuses on the application of plasmon effect in perovskite solar cells.

Jianjun Tian is a professor at the Advanced Material and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing. He has worked as a visiting scholar at the University of Washington in 2011. His current research is focused on the fabrication of high quality quantum dot sensitized solar cells and perovskite solar cells.

Guozhong Cao is a Boeing-Steiner Professor of materials science and engineering at the University of Washington, and a senior professor at Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences. He has published more than 500 papers, 8 books and 4 proceedings. His recent research is focusedmainly on solar cells, lithium-ion batteries, super capacitors, and hydrogen storage.

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Guo, L., Fei, C., Zhang, R. et al. Impact of sol aging on TiO2 compact layer and photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cell. Sci. China Mater. 59, 710–718 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-016-5099-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-016-5099-1

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