Abstract
Understanding the mechanism of precision sliding contacts with thin, adherent solid nano lubricating particle films is important to improve friction and wear behavior and ensure mechanical devices have long service lifetimes. Herein, a facile and multistep approach for the preparation of graphene oxide (GO) is presented. Subsequently, surface modification of as-synthesized GO with octadecyl amine (ODA) is performed to prepare hydrophobic GO-ODA and with 6-amino-4-hydroxy-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid (ANS) to prepare amphoteric GO-ANS through a nucleophilic addition reaction. X-ray diffraction and ultraviolet-visible, Fourier transform infrared, and Raman spectroscopy provide significant information about the reduction of oxygen functionalities on GO and the introduction of new functionalities in GO-ODA and GO-ANS. The effects of particle functionalization for the improved control of particle adhesion to the tribocontact have been studied. Wettability and thermal stability were determined using the water contact angle, and atomic force microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to characterize particle adhesion to the tribocontact. The tribological performances of the particles have been investigated using macro- and micro-tribometry using pin/ball-on-disc contact geometries. The influence of particle functionalization on the contact pressure and sliding velocity was also studied under rotating and reciprocating tribo-contact in ambient conditions. With an increase in the contact pressure, the functionalized particles are pushed down into the contact, and they adhere to the substrate to form a continuous film that eventually reduces friction. Amphoteric GO-ANS provides the lowest and most steady coefficient of friction (COF) under all tested conditions along with low wear depth and minimal plastic deformation. This is because particles with superior wetting and thermal properties can have better adherence to and stability on the surface. GO-ANS has a superior ability to adhere on the track to form a thicker and more continuous film at the interface, which is investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and Raman analysis.
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09 September 2019
The original version of this article unfortunately contained incorrect author’s name and address. On the first page of this article, instead of <Emphasis Type="Bold">Suprakash SAMANTA</Emphasis><Superscript>1,2</Superscript>, <Emphasis Type="Bold">Santosh SINGH</Emphasis><Superscript>1</Superscript>, <Emphasis Type="Bold">Rashmi R. SAHOO</Emphasis><Superscript>1,2,*</Superscript><Superscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">1</Emphasis></Superscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">Surface Engineering & Tribology Division, CSIR-Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute, Durgapur 713209, India</Emphasis><Superscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">2</Emphasis></Superscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India</Emphasis>
It should read <Emphasis Type="Bold">Suprakash SAMANTA</Emphasis><Superscript>1,2</Superscript>, <Emphasis Type="Bold">Santosh Kumar SINGH</Emphasis><Superscript>1</Superscript>, <Emphasis Type="Bold">Rashmi R. SAHOO</Emphasis><Superscript>1,2,*</Superscript><Superscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">1</Emphasis></Superscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">Enviromental Engineering Group, CSIR-Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute, Durgapur 713209, India</Emphasis><Superscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">2</Emphasis></Superscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India</Emphasis>
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The authors are grateful to CSIR, India for the grant through 12FYP project ESC-0112 in carrying out this work. We are also thankful to our Director for the permission to publish this work.
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Suprakash SAMANTA. He received his B.Sc and M.Sc degrees in chemistry (organic chemistry specialization) from Vidyasagar University, West Bengal, India. After that he was a Ph.D. student at CSIR-Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute, Durgapur, India under Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR). He has recently submitted his Ph.D. thesis for the degree of Ph.D. in chemical science in AcSIR. His research interests include modulating physico-chemical and tribochemical features of functionalized graphene/h-BN-graphene nanocomposite, self-assembled multi-layer films, and coatings for tribo-corrosion behavior.
Rashmi Ranjan SAHOO. He received his Ph.D. degree in chemistry from Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, India in 2004. After working a continuing stint in Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India, he joined CSIR-Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-CMERI) as a senior scientist in 2010. During his Ph.D. tenure, he also worked in Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany as a fellow of International Max-Planck Research School for Polymer Material Science (IMPRS-PMS). His current position is principal scientist at CSIR-CMERI. His areas of research include nanotribology, functionalized nanostructured materials, nanolubrication, composite coatings, waste management, and water technology.
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Samanta, S., Singh, S. & Sahoo, R.R. Lubrication of dry sliding metallic contacts by chemically prepared functionalized graphitic nanoparticles. Friction 8, 708–725 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-019-0295-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-019-0295-1