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Gestational diabetes mellitus its association with obesity: a prospective cohort study

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Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods

This prospective study was conducted on 256 pregnant women without diabetes referred for prenatal care in the first trimester of pregnancy to two referral University Hospitals (Shariati and Arash Hospitals) during the years 2012 and 2013. Eligible participants were selected consecutively and were followed until delivery and 6 weeks after that. Body weight and fasting plasma glucose were measured in each trimester, and BMI was calculated. Incidence of GDM was recorded, and BMI in this group was compared with those without GDM.

Results

Mean age of women was 28.70 ± 5.57 years and among them, 78 women (30.5 %) developed GDM of which 21 were obese (52.5 %), 25 overweight (27.8 %), and 32 (25.4 %) were normal weight (p = 0.004). Pre-pregnancy obesity (OR 2.74, 95 % CI 1.28–5.88, p = 0.009), family history of diabetes (OR 2.01, 95 % CI 1.13–3.56, p = 0.016), and maternal age more than 30 years (OR 2.20, 95 % CI 1.25–3.88, p = 0.006) were three independent predictors for GDM, and pre-pregnancy obesity was the most potent predictor of GDM.

Conclusion

Women with high BMI and obesity have a significantly higher risk for developing GDM. Pre-pregnancy obesity, family history of diabetes, and age more than 30 years are three independent risk factors for GDM.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Arash Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Reihaneh Pirjani & Mina Phelpheli

  2. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 5th Floor, Shariati Hospital, North Kargar Ave., Tehran, Iran

    Nooshin Shirzad

  3. Department of Endocrinology, Vali-Asr Hospital, Imam Khomeini Complex Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Nooshin Shirzad & Mahboubeh Hemmatabadi

  4. Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran

    Mostafa Qorbani

  5. Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Ensieh Nasli-Esfahani & Fatemeh Bandarian

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  1. Reihaneh Pirjani
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  2. Nooshin Shirzad
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Correspondence to Nooshin Shirzad.

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All procedures performed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Pirjani, R., Shirzad, N., Qorbani, M. et al. Gestational diabetes mellitus its association with obesity: a prospective cohort study. Eat Weight Disord 22, 445–450 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-016-0332-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-016-0332-2

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