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Fear Conditioning in Borderline Personality Disorder

  • Personality and Impulse Control Disorders (R Lee, Section Editor)
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Abstract

Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a severe mental disorder causing significant, persistent disability, and with a high lifetime risk of suicide. The limited knowledge about the neurobiological underpinnings of BPD is a critical obstacle for the development of new, more effective treatments. There is high comorbidity and overlap in symptoms and neurobiological findings between BPD, anxiety disorders, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Moreover, a wealth of evidence suggests that there are abnormalities in fear processing and emotional learning in BPD. Given these findings, it is surprising that very few studies have used fear conditioning paradigms in BPD patients. What follows is a review of the evidence of symptomatic overlap and comorbidity between BPD, anxiety disorders, and PTSD, and the neurobiological findings that suggest abnormal fear processing in BPD. We also discuss fear conditioning and related paradigms that probe the brain systems involved in fear processing and will review studies using the same methodologies in BPD patients. Finally, we describe potential research and treatment implications, and future directions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA

    Nerea Palomares, Armando Cuesta-Diaz, Judy R. Burke, Amanda Fisher, Sukhbir Kaur & M. Mercedes Perez-Rodriguez

  2. Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain

    Nerea Palomares

  3. CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain

    Nerea Palomares & M. Mercedes Perez-Rodriguez

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  1. Nerea Palomares
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  2. Armando Cuesta-Diaz
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Correspondence to M. Mercedes Perez-Rodriguez.

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Nerea Palomares, Armando Cuesta-Diaz, Judy R. Burke, Amanda Fisher, Sukhbir Kaur, and M. Mercedes Perez-Rodriguez declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Palomares, N., Cuesta-Diaz, A., Burke, J.R. et al. Fear Conditioning in Borderline Personality Disorder. Curr Behav Neurosci Rep 3, 10–18 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40473-016-0062-9

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