Abstract
Pulse density modulation (PDM) can find applications in consumer electronics, power and switch control systems. PDM signals can be generated by asynchronous sigma delta modulator (ASDM) structures and improvement of ASDM performance provides significant contribution for practical applications. This study numerically investigates effects of fractional order integration (FOI) on the PDM signal, produced by ASDM. We implemented fractional order integratorin ASDM structure and present numerical analysis to discuss effects of fractional order integrator on PDM signals, obtained for bipolar digital signal transmission application. Theoretical analysis indicates that FOI provides finer pulse trains and thus improves representation of original signal. In simulations, we tested FOI for various fractional-order values. Signal to noise ratio and signal to noise and distortion ratio (SINAD) levels of demodulated signals are reported for sinusoidal and audio test signals. Simulation results demonstrate that FOI can improve SNR and SINAD performance of ASDMs.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Gutierrez RE, Rosario JM, Machado JAT (2010) Fractional order calculus: basic concepts and engineering applications, mathematical problems in engineering. Hindawi Publishing Corporation, Cairo
Petras I (2010) Fractional order nonlinear system, modeling, analysis and simulation. Springer, London
Podlubny I (1999) Fractional differential equations, mathematics in science and engineering. Academic press, Cambridge
Ross B (1975) Fractional calculus and its applications. Springer, London
Yeroglu C, Ates A (2014) A stochastic multi-parameters divergence method for online auto-tuning of fractional order PID controller. J Frank Inst 351:2411–2429
Correa JM, Hutto ED, Farret FA, Simoes MG (2003) A fuzzy-controlled pulse density modulation strategy for a series resonant inverter with wide load range. In: Power electronics specialist conference, vol 4, pp 1650–1655
Essadaoui J, Sicard P, Ngandui E, Cheriti A (2003) Power inverter control for induction heating by pulse density modulation with improved power factor. IEEE CCECE Can Conf 1:515–520
Stauth JT, Sanders SR (2008) Pulse-density modulation for RF applications: the radio-frequency power amplifier (RF PA) as a power converter. Power electronics specialists conference, 2008. PESC 2008. IEEE
Lee YS, Park YO (2004) BER performance of AGC in high-speed portable Internet system. Vehicular Technol Conf 7:4794–4797
Kite TD (2012) Understanding PDM digital audio. Application note from audio precision. http://users.ece.utexas.edu/~bevans/courses/rtdsp/lectures/10_Data_Conversion/AP_Understanding_PDM_Digital_Audio.pdf. Accessed 25 March 2016
Senay S, Chaparro LF, Sun M, Sclabassi R, Akan A (2011) Asynchronous signal processing for brain–computer interfaces. Turk J Elect Eng Comput Sci 19(2):275–289
Lazar AA, Tóth LT (2004) Perfect recovery and sensitivity analysis of time encoded bandlimited signals. Circuits Syst I 51(10):2060–2073
Kikkert CJ, Miller DJ (1975) Asynchronous delta sigma modulation. Proc IREE 36:83–88
Kavuran G, Yeroglu C (2015) Investigation of periodic modes in nonlinear systems with fractional order integrator. Signal processing and communications applications conference (SIU), 2015 23rd, Malatya
Chen YQ, Vinagre BM, Podlubny I (2004) Continued fraction expansion approaches to discretizing fractional order derivatives an expository review. Nonlinear Dyn 38(1–4):155–170
Özyetkin MM, Yeroğlu C, Tan N, Tağluk ME (2010) Design of PI and PID controllers for fractional order time delay systems. In: Proceedings of the 9th IFAC workshop on time-delay systems, TDS, Prague
Kavuran G, Ates A, Alagoz BB, Yeroglu C (2015) A note on effects of fractional order integration on ASDM signals. The international symposium on fractional signals and systems 2015 (FSS2015). Cluj Napoca, Romania
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kavuran, G., Yeroğlu, C., Ateş, A. et al. Effects of fractional order integration on ASDM signals. Int. J. Dynam. Control 5, 10–17 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40435-016-0240-3
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40435-016-0240-3