Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Adsorption efficiency, thermodynamics and kinetics of Schiff base-modified nanoparticles for removal of heavy metals

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Nanosilica particles modified by Schiff base ligands 3-methoxy salicylaldimine propyl triethoxysilane (MNS1), 5-bromo salicylaldimine propyl triethoxysilane (MNS2) and 3-hydroxy salicylaldimine propyl triethoxysilane (MNS3) were prepared, and their potential for separation of copper, lead, zinc, cadmium, cobalt and nickel ions from aqueous solutions was examined. The effect of parameters influencing adsorption efficiency including aqueous-phase pH, amount of adsorbent, stirring time and initial concentration of the metal ions was assessed and discussed. Although MNS1 and MNS3 removed lead ions efficiently, all adsorbents showed strong selectivity toward copper ions. It was shown that, under some circumstances, MNS3 decreased the amount of other ions, particularly cobalt, in the aqueous phase. The adsorbents were also applied for removal of copper and lead ions from real samples. Possible quantitative desorption of the metal ions loaded onto the adsorbents suggests their multiple uses in adsorption–desorption process. Investigation of temperature dependency of the process led to determination of the ΔH°, ΔS° and ΔG° values. This investigation indicates that the adsorption of copper ions onto the all studied adsorbents and lead ions onto MNS1 and MNS3 is endothermic. The Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherms were tested to describe the equilibrium data. Pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich and intra-particle diffusion equations were applied to study the kinetics of copper and lead adsorption onto the modified nanoparticles. This investigation indicates that the process for all adsorbents follows pseudo-second-order kinetics and suggests a chemisorption mechanism for the adsorption processes by the studied adsorbents.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Agrawal SK (2009) Heavy metal pollution. A. P. H. Publishing Corporation, New Delhi

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhattacharya AK, Naiya TK, Mondal SN, Das SK (2008) Adsorption, kinetics and equilibrium studies on removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions using different low-cost sorbents. Chem Eng J 137:529–541

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Butler JAV, Ockrent C (1930) Studies in electrocapillarity. Part III. The surface tensions of solutions containing two surface-active solutes. J Phys Chem 34:2841–2859

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cui Y, Chang X, Zhai Y, Zhu X, Zheng H, Lian N (2006) ICP-AES determination of trace elements after preconcentrated with p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde-modified nanometer SiO2 from sample solution. Microchem J 83:35–41

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dabrowski A, Podkoscielny P, Hubicki Z, Barczak M (2005) Adsorption of phenolic compounds by activated carbon: a critical review. Chemosphere 58:1049–1070

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dean JA (1995) Analytical chemistry handbook. McGraw-Hill, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Fathi SAM, Yaftian MR (2009) Cloud point extraction and flame atomic absorption spectrometry determination of trace amounts of copper(II) ions in water samples. J Colloid Interface Sci 334:167–170

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fathi SAM, Parinejad M, Yaftian MR (2008) Multidentate nitrogen/oxygen donor ionophores; their use as selective extracting and mobile-carrier agents for copper(II) ions. Sep Purif Technol 64:1–7

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fathi SAM, Rostamkhani S, Yaftian MR (2010) Determination of trace amounts of copper in water samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry after preconcentration on octadecyl-bonded silica membranes modified by a di-Schiff base ligand. J Anal Chem 65:614–619

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fu F, Wang Q (2011) Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters: a review. J Environ Manag 92:407–418

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ghasemi Z, Seif A, Ahmadi TS, Zargar B, Rashidi F, Rouzbahani GM (2012) Thermodynamic and kinetic studies for the adsorption of Hg(II) by nano-TiO2 from aqueous solution. Adv Powder Technol 23:148–156

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ghorbanloo M, Monfared HH, Janiak C (2011) The catalytic function of a silica gel-immobilized Mn(II)-hydrazide complex for alkene epoxidation with H2O2. J Mol Catal A: Chem 345:12–20

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ho YS (2006) Isotherm for the sorption of lead onto peat: comparison of linear and non-linear methods. Pol J Environ Stud 15:81–86

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ho YS, McKay G (2000) Correlative biosorption equilibria model for a binary batch system. Chem Eng Sci 55:817–825

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hoque ME, Philip OJ (2011) Biotechnological recovery of heavy metals from secondary sources: an overview. Mater Sci Eng 31:57–66

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jain JS, Snoeyink VL (1973) Adsorption from bisolute systems on active carbon. J Water Pollut Control Fed 45:2463–2479

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Janschm M, Stumf P, Graf C, Rühi E, Müller RH (2012) Adsorption kinetics of plasma proteins on ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles. Int J Pharm 428:125–133

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jiang Y, Pang H, Liao B (2009) Removal of copper(II) ions from aqueous solution by modified bagasse. J Hazard Mater 164:1–9

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lin S, Juang R (2002) Heavy metal removal from water by sorption using surfactant modified montmorillonite. J Hazard Mater 92:315–326

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu Y, Chen M, Hao Y (2013) Study on the adsorption of Cu(II) by EDTA functionalized Fe3O4 magnetic nano-particles. Chem Eng J 218:46–54

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marahel F, Ghaedi M, Shokrollahi A, Montazerzohori M, Davoodi S (2009) Sodium dodecyl sulfate coated poly(vinyl) chloride: an alternative support for solid phase extraction of some transition and heavy metals. Chemosphere 74:583–589

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mohaptra M, Khatun S, Andad S (2009) Adsorption behavior of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II) on NALCO plant sand. Indian J Chem Technol 16:291–300

    Google Scholar 

  • Moradinasab S, Behzad M (2014) Removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution using Fe3O4 nanoparticles coated with Schiff base ligand. Desalin Water Treat 52:1–9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nameni M, Alavi Moghadam MR, Arami M (2008) Adsorption of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solutions by wheat bran. Int J Environ Sci Technol 5:161–168

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Önnby L, Svensson C, Mbundi L, Busquets R, Cundy A, Kirsebom H (2014) γ-Al2O3-based nanocomposite adsorbents for arsenic(V) removal: assessing performance, toxicity and particle leakage. Sci Total Environ 473–474:207–214

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oshima S, Hirayama N, Kubono K, Kokusen H, Honjo T (2003) Ion-pair extraction behavior of divalent metal cations using neutral di-Schiff base ligands derived from 1,2-cyclohexanediamine and o-phenylenediamine. Talanta 59:867–874

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ozcan A, Oncu EM, Ozcan AS (2006) Kinetics, isotherm and thermodynamic studies of adsorption of acid blue 193 from aqueous solutions onto natural sepiolite. Colloid Surf A 277:90–97

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pilehvari Z, Yaftian MR, Rayati S, Parinejad M (2007) A novel wire-type lead-selective electrode based on bis(1’-hydroxy-2’-acetonaphthone)-2,2′-diiminodiethylamine. Ann Chim 97:747–757

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shamsipur M, Ghiasvand AR, Sharghi H, Naeimi H (2000) Solid phase extraction of ultra trace copper(II) using octadecyl silica membrane disks modified by a naphthol-derivative Schiff’s base. Anal Chim Acta 408:271–277

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shemirani F, Jamali MR, Kozani RR, Salavati-Niasari M (2006) Cloud point extraction and preconcentration for the determination of Cu and Ni in natural water by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Sep Sci Technol 41:3065–3077

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shiri-Yekta Z, Yaftian MR, Nilchi A (2013) Silica nanoparticles modified with a Schiff base ligand: an efficient adsorbent for Th(IV), U(VI) and Eu(III) ions. Korean J Chem Eng 30:1644–1651

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shokrolahi A, Ghaedi M, Ghaedi H (2007) Potentiometric and spectrophotometric studies of copper(II) complexes of some ligands in aqueous and nonaqueous solution. J Chin Chem Soc 54:933–940

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tu YJ, You CF, Chang CK (2012) Kinetics and thermodynamics of adsorption for Cd on green manufactured nano-particles. J Hazard Mater 235–236:116–122

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wurster DE, Alkhamis KA, Matheson LE (2000) Prediction of Adsorption from multicomponent solutions by activated carbon using single-solute parameters. AAPS Pharm Sci Tech 1(3): article 25

  • Yu JX, Chi RA, Zhang YF, Xu ZG, Xiao CQ, Guo J (2012) A situ co-precipitation method to prepare magnetic PMDA modified sugarcane bagasse and its application for competitive adsorption of methylene blue and basic magenta. Bioresour Technol 110:160–166

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yu J-G, Zhao X-H, Yang H, Chen X-H, Yang Q, Yu L-Y, Jiang J-H, Chen X-Q (2014) Aqueous adsorption and removal of organic contaminants by carbon nanotubes. Sci Total Environ 482–483:241–251

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang X, Jiao C, Wang J, Liu Q, Li R, Yang P, Zhang M (2012) Removal of uranium(VI) from aqueous solutions by magnetic Schiff base: kinetic and thermodynamic investigation. Chem Eng J 198–199:412–419

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou YT, Christopher BW, Nie HL (2009) Adsorption mechanism of Cu2+ from aqueous solution by chitosan-coated magnetic nanoparticles modified with α-ketoglutaric acid. Colloid Surf B 74:244–252

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou LM, Jin JY, Liu ZR, Liang XZ, Shang C (2011) Adsorption of acid dyes from aqueous solutions by the ethylenediamine-modified magnetic chitosan nanoparticles. J Hazard Mater 185:1045–1052

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the University of Zanjan for their financial support (Grant Number EA/7774 21-11-2013) of this study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Phase Equilibria Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, P. O. Box 45371-38791, Zanjan, Iran

    M. K. Moftakhar & M. R. Yaftian

  2. Inorganic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, P. O. Box 45371-38791, Zanjan, Iran

    M. Ghorbanloo

Authors
  1. M. K. Moftakhar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. M. R. Yaftian
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. M. Ghorbanloo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. R. Yaftian.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Moftakhar, M.K., Yaftian, M.R. & Ghorbanloo, M. Adsorption efficiency, thermodynamics and kinetics of Schiff base-modified nanoparticles for removal of heavy metals. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 13, 1707–1722 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-016-0969-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-016-0969-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation