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Are Members of the Triatoma brasiliensis (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) Species Complex Able to Alter the Biology and Virulence of a Trypanosoma cruzi Strain?

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Abstract

Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas disease, transmitted to humans and mammals by blood-sucking hemipteran insects belonging to the Triatominae subfamily. The two main genotypes of T. cruzi (TcI and TcII) differ in many characteristics concerning their genetic profile. Despite the extensive literature on vectors and the etiologic agent, several interactive aspects between these two elements of Chagas disease are still waiting to be further clarified. Here, biological and histological features resulting from the interaction between Albino Swiss mice and T. cruzi isolate PB913 after passages through vectors of the Triatoma brasiliensis species complex were evaluated. Comparing the four members of the T. brasiliensis species complex—Triatoma brasiliensis brasiliensis Neiva, Triatoma brasiliensis macromelasoma Galvão, Triatoma melanica Neiva & Lent, and Triatoma juazeirensis Costa & Felix—no significant differences in parasitemia of the infected mice were observed. At 20 days post-infection, the highest number of parasites was observed in the group of mice that were infected with parasites obtained from T. b. macromelasoma. Tropism of the parasites to different organs such as heart, bladder, and skeletal muscles followed by inflammatory cell infiltrates was observed with quantitative and qualitative differences. Even though the four members of the T. brasiliensis species complex differ in their geographical distribution, morphology, biology, ecology, and genetics, no significant influence on the parasitemia of the T. cruzi PB913 isolate was detected. After evaluation of the tissue samples, a higher pathogenicity of parasites obtained from T. b. brasiliensis was noticeable.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Dr. Vera Bongertz for English revision (Laboratório de AIDS e Imunologia Molecular, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro) and to José de S. Nogueira (Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro) for technical support. The present work received financial support from CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico), Fundação Nacional de Saúde (FUNASA), and Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ). C.A.C.A., a FIOCRUZ-CNPq Research Fellow (158817/2010-9) and Capes-PNPD Research Fellow, was responsible for the organization of the results, and wrote and discussed the manuscript.

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  1. Lab de Biodiversidade Entomológica, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz—IOC/FIOCRUZ, Av. Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

    J Costa & C A C Araújo

  2. Lab Nacional e Internacional de Referência em Taxonomia de Triatomíneos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

    C A C Araújo

  3. Lab de Transmissores de Leishmanioses, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

    C A V Freitas

  4. Lab de Doenças Parasitárias, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz,, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

    J Borges-Pereira

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Costa, J., Araújo, C.A.C., Freitas, C.A.V. et al. Are Members of the Triatoma brasiliensis (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) Species Complex Able to Alter the Biology and Virulence of a Trypanosoma cruzi Strain?. Neotrop Entomol 44, 186–193 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-015-0271-z

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