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Addiction aux drogues stimulantes (cocaïne, méthamphétamine et nouveaux produits de synthèse)

Stimulant drug addiction (cocaine, methamphetamine, and the new psychoactive substances)

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Réanimation

Résumé

Les drogues stimulantes font partie du nouveau paysage des addictions. À un niveau mondial, la cocaïne est devenue très présente sur la scène des drogues en l’espace de quelques années, même si le cannabis reste au sommet des consommations. Les stimulants de synthèse que sont les amphétamines et la méthamphétamine sont fabriqués en Europe pour une consommation domestique. Sous la dénomination d’euphorisants légaux, les nouveaux produits de synthèse ont fait une percée considérable sur le marché des drogues depuis 2008. Ces substances psychoactives ont des caractéristiques cliniques communes mais également des différences singulières. Elles sont à l’origine de complications somatiques, psychiatriques et sociales. La prise en charge doit être multimodale et la recherche, encore balbutiante dans ce domaine, doit se poursuivre.

Abstract

Stimulant drugs are a part of the new landscape of addiction. At a global level, cocaine became very present on the drug scene within a few years, although cannabis consumption remains at the top. The synthetic stimulants including amphetamines and methamphetamine are manufactured in Europe for domestic consumption. New synthetic products, called legal highs, have made considerable headway in the drug market since 2008. These psychoactive substances are responsible for common clinical features with singular differences. Their consumption may result in somatic, psychiatric and social complications. Management should be multimodal and research, still preliminary in this field, must continue.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre d’enseignement, de recherche et de traitement des addictions, hôpital universitaire Paul Brousse (AP-HP), CEA — INSERM U1000, 12 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, F-94800, Villejuif, France

    L. Karila

  2. Service de psychiatrie et d’addictologie, hôpital Bichat (AP-HP), Université Paris 7, Paris, France

    M. Lejoyeux

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  1. L. Karila
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Karila, L., Lejoyeux, M. Addiction aux drogues stimulantes (cocaïne, méthamphétamine et nouveaux produits de synthèse). Réanimation 23, 498–506 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13546-014-0913-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13546-014-0913-x

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