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Catalytic activity of gold-perovskite catalysts in the oxidation of carbon monoxide

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Abstract

Perovskites (ABO3 structures), which can be manipulated by partial substitution, are reported to be active supports for CO oxidation, but only at high temperatures, with no activity being shown for temperatures below 200 °C. In this study, these perovskites were investigated at low temperatures (below 100 °C) with improved activity found upon gold deposition. The presence of gold nanoparticles therefore significantly enhanced the catalytic activity, while the support itself was suspected to be involved in the reaction mechanism. A series of perovskites of the type ABO3 (LaMnO3, LaFeO3, LaCoO3, and LaCuO3) were prepared using the citrate method, while the gold was deposited on them using the deposition-precipitation method. The supports were calcined at different temperatures for optimization. With the support calcined at 800 °C, the best catalyst was 1 wt% Au supported on LaFeO3. Calcium-doping of this system showed decreased surface area, poorer crystallinity, and a drop in catalytic activity relative to the Au-LaFeO3. In addition, Au-LaFeO3 showed online stability over 21 h. Calcining the support improved the incorporation of gold nanoparticles into the perovskite lattice, resulting in superior catalytic activity. Nevertheless, at higher calcination temperatures, the catalytic activity of Au-CaTiO3 was depressed while that of Au-LaFeO3 was enhanced. XPS revealed that in the active catalysts, both cationic and metallic gold coexisted, while in the inactive catalysts, the gold existed predominantly either as cationic or metallic gold.

Gold-perovskites offer activity as high as that reported for other systems, notably gold-titania catalysts for CO oxidation

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Acknowledgments

We thank Dr. Albert Carley from Cardiff University for the XPS analysis, Werner Jordaan from NMISA for the TOF-SIMS analysis, Rudolph Erasmus from the University of the Witwatersrand for assistance with the Raman spectroscopy and Performance Laboratories for the gold assays. We also thank MINTEK, for direct support (to LM) through Project AuTEK and the National Research Foundation, South Africa, for additional funding.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa

    Leboheng Mokoena

  2. MINTEK, Johannesburg, Randburg, 2125, South Africa

    Gary Pattrick

  3. Department of Civil and Chemical Engineering, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, FL, 1710, South Africa

    Mike S Scurrell

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  1. Leboheng Mokoena
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  2. Gary Pattrick
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  3. Mike S Scurrell
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Correspondence to Mike S Scurrell.

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Mokoena, L., Pattrick, G. & Scurrell, M.S. Catalytic activity of gold-perovskite catalysts in the oxidation of carbon monoxide. Gold Bull 49, 35–44 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13404-016-0180-x

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