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Evolutionary history of the sable (Martes zibellina brachyura) on Hokkaido inferred from mitochondrial Cytb and nuclear Mc1r and Tcf25 gene sequences

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Abstract

We examined sequence variation in mitochondrial and nuclear genes of seven species of the genus Martes (Mustelidae, Carnivora): Martes americana (American marten), Martes flavigula (yellow-throated marten), Martes foina (beech marten), Martes martes (pine marten), Martes melampus (Japanese marten), Martes pennanti (fisher) and Martes zibellina (sable), focusing on the phylogenetic history of the Hokkaido subspecies of the sable, Martes zibellina brachyura. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene confirmed the view that the Hokkaido sable population has lower genetic diversity. In contrast, network analysis of a nuclear gene related to coat colour, melanocortin-1 receptor (Mc1r), revealed two different haplogroups for this population: one shared with that of Russian sables and the other specific to this population but with a close relationship with the American and Japanese martens, implying that these endemic haplotypes are composed of uncharacterised ancestral lineages of a past population. We also examined the sequence variation in a neighbouring nuclear gene, transcription factor 25 (Tcf25), located about 5 kb upstream from the Mc1r gene, and found similar trends. The sable genome leaves the impression that Hokkaido hosted ancient marten lineages, with subsequent recent migrations from the continent. The validity of a candidate Mc1r mutation for the entirely yellow coat observed on Hokkaido sables was also discussed.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Hirofumi Hirakawa, Momoki Kawabe, Takashi Kuwayama, Kazuki Miyoshi, Yoshinobu Nishimura, Katsunori Okazaki and Taro Sugimoto for providing tissue samples of sables in Hokkaido and Vyacheslav Rozhnov for the sample of M. martes. We thank Mitsuo Nunome, Morihiko Tomozawa, Kimiyuki Tsuchiya and Shumpei P. Yasuda for valuable comments on this study. This study was conducted as part of grants-in-aid for Scientific Research (C) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) to HS (no. 23570101) and the Heiwa Nakajima Foundation for researches to JJS.

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  1. Tetsuji Hosoda

    Present address: Kansai University, Internatinal Education, 1-2-20, Satake-dai, Suita-shi, Osaka, 565-0855, Japan

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Ecology and Genetics, Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan

    Kotaro Ishida, Gohta Kinoshita & Hitoshi Suzuki

  2. Laboratory of Animal Cell Technology, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Fukuyama University, Higashimura-cho, Aza, Sanzo, 985, Fukuyama, 729-0292, Japan

    Jun J. Sato

  3. Taikyu High School, 1985 Yuasa-cho, Arida-gun, Wakayama, 643-0004, Japan

    Tetsuji Hosoda

  4. Laboratory of evolutionary zoology and genetics, Institute of Biology & Soil Science Far East Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia

    Alexey P. Kryukov

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  1. Kotaro Ishida
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Correspondence to Jun J. Sato.

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Communicated by: Jan M. Wójcik

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Ishida, K., Sato, J.J., Kinoshita, G. et al. Evolutionary history of the sable (Martes zibellina brachyura) on Hokkaido inferred from mitochondrial Cytb and nuclear Mc1r and Tcf25 gene sequences. Acta Theriol 58, 13–24 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13364-012-0103-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13364-012-0103-z

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