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Pharmaceutical microscale and nanoscale approaches for efficient treatment of ocular diseases

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Abstract

Efficient treatment of ocular diseases can be achieved thanks to the proper use of ophthalmic formulations based on emerging pharmaceutical approaches. Among them, microtechnology and nanotechnology strategies are of great interest in the development of novel drug delivery systems to be used for ocular therapy. The location of the target site in the eye as well as the ophthalmic disease will determine the route of administration (topical, intraocular, periocular, and suprachoroidal administration) and the most adequate device. In this review, we discuss the use of colloidal pharmaceutical systems (nanoparticles, liposomes, niosomes, dendrimers, and microemulsions), microparticles (microcapsules and microspheres), and hybrid systems (combination of different strategies) in the treatment of ophthalmic diseases. Emphasis has been placed in the therapeutic significance of each drug delivery system for clinical translation.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank ISCIII-FEDER Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Oftalmología RETICS (Oftared) RD12/0034/0003 and RD12/0034/0014, Complutense Research Group UCM 920415-GR3/14, Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness MICINN-MAT 2013–43127R, and Spanish Ministry of Health and Consumption. This study was funded by Spanish Fund for Health Research FIS PI12/02285.

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  1. Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica. Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain

    I. Bravo-Osuna, V. Andrés-Guerrero, P. Pastoriza Abal, I. T. Molina-Martínez & R. Herrero-Vanrell

  2. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Grupo de Investigación Innovación Farmacéutica en Oftalmología, Profesor Martín Lagos s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain

    I. Bravo-Osuna, V. Andrés-Guerrero, P. Pastoriza Abal, I. T. Molina-Martínez & R. Herrero-Vanrell

  3. Instituto Universitario de Farmacia Industrial, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain

    I. Bravo-Osuna, V. Andrés-Guerrero, P. Pastoriza Abal, I. T. Molina-Martínez & R. Herrero-Vanrell

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  1. I. Bravo-Osuna
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Bravo-Osuna, I., Andrés-Guerrero, V., Pastoriza Abal, P. et al. Pharmaceutical microscale and nanoscale approaches for efficient treatment of ocular diseases. Drug Deliv. and Transl. Res. 6, 686–707 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13346-016-0336-5

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