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Meliolales

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Abstract

The order Meliolales comprises the families Armatellaceae and Meliolaceae. These are black mildews that grow on the surface of host plants, often regarded as minor plant pathogens. In this study, types or specimens of 17 genera of Armatellaceae and Meliolaceae were borrowed from herbaria and re-examined. Armatella is accepted in Armatellaceae and Amazonia, Appendiculella, Asteridiella, Cryptomeliola, Endomeliola, Irenopsis and Meliola are accepted in the family Meliolaceae. Laeviomeliola is synonymized under Meliola. Ceratospermopsis, Ectendomeliola, Haraea, Hypasteridium, Leptascospora, Metasteridium, Ophiociliomyces, Ophioirenina, Ophiomeliola, Parasteridium, Pauahia, Pleomeliola, Pleomerium, Prataprajella, Ticomyces, Urupe and Xenostigme are excluded from Meliolaceae, and are treated as doubtful genera or placed in ascomycetes genera incertae sedis. The type species of each genus is re-described and illustrated with photomicrographs. Notes are provided and comparisons made. Two new species of Meliola and one new species of Irenopsis are also introduced with molecular data and we provide the most populated phylogenetic tree of Meliolomycetidae to date. Meliola thailandicum was found on Dimocarpus longan (Sapindales) and Acacia auriculiformis (Fabales) and confirmed to be the same species in the molecular analyses. This has important implications as the several hundred Meliola species are recognized based on host associations. Thus the same species being recorded from two unrelated hosts sheds doubt on Meliola species being host-specific.

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Acknowledgments

The authors extend their sincere appreciations to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University for its funding this Prolific Research group (PRG-1436-09). Kevin D. Hyde thanks the Chinese Academy of Sciences, project number 2013T2S0030, for the award of Visiting Professorship for Senior International Scientists at Kunming Institute of Botany. The curators of the following herbaria are thanked for providing material on loan for this study: B, BPI, ILL, IMI, K(M), PDD, S, URM and ZT. Thanks for providing pictures of Meliola sp. on citrus fruits and litchi leaves to Chonticha Singtripop. Wen T.C. and Zeng X.Y. are grateful to the Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Program of Guizhou Province (No. [2012]5008) and the Science Foundation of Guizhou University (No. 201309). We would like to acknowledge Thailand Research Foundation (TRG5780008) to study sooty moulds in northern Thailand.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China

    Sinang Hongsanan & Kevin D. Hyde

  2. World Agroforestry Centre, East and Central Asia, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China

    Sinang Hongsanan & Kevin D. Hyde

  3. Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand

    Sinang Hongsanan, Qing Tian, Xiang-Yu Zeng, Kevin D. Hyde, Putarak Chomnunti & Saranyaphat Boonmee

  4. School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand

    Sinang Hongsanan, Qing Tian, Xiang-Yu Zeng, Kevin D. Hyde, Putarak Chomnunti & Saranyaphat Boonmee

  5. Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Geobotany, Universitätsstraße 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany

    Derek Peršoh

  6. Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA, 11442, Saudi Arabia

    Kevin D. Hyde & Ali H. Bahkali

  7. The Engineering and Research Center of Southwest Bio-Pharmaceutical Resource, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China

    Ting-Chi Wen

Authors
  1. Sinang Hongsanan
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  2. Qing Tian
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  3. Derek Peršoh
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  4. Xiang-Yu Zeng
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  5. Kevin D. Hyde
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  6. Putarak Chomnunti
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  7. Saranyaphat Boonmee
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  8. Ali H. Bahkali
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  9. Ting-Chi Wen
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ting-Chi Wen.

Electronic supplementary material

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Supplementary Table 1

Taxa used in the phylogenetic analysis and GenBank accession numbers (LSU and ITS) and original codes. (DOC 66 kb)

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Hongsanan, S., Tian, Q., Peršoh, D. et al. Meliolales . Fungal Diversity 74, 91–141 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-015-0344-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-015-0344-7

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