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Soft computing modelling of moisture sorption isotherms of milk-foxtail millet powder and determination of thermodynamic properties

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Abstract

Moisture sorption isotherms of spray-dried milk-foxtail millet powder were determined at 10, 25 and 40 °C. Sorption data was fitted using classical and soft-computing approaches. The isotherms were of type II, and equilibrium moisture content (EMC) was temperature dependent. The BET monolayer moisture content decreased from 3.30 to 2.67 % as temperature increased from 10 to 40 °C. Amongst the classical models, Ferro-Fontan gave the best fit of EMC-aw data. However, the Sugeno-type adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) with generalized bell-shaped membership function performed better than artificial neural network and classical models with RMSE as low as 0.0099. The isosteric heat of sorption decreased from 150.32 kJ mol−1 at 1 % moisture content to 44.11 kJ mol−1 at 15 % moisture. The enthalpy-entropy compensation theory was validated, and the isokinetic and harmonic mean temperatures were determined as 333.1 and 297.5 K, respectively.

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Abbreviations

a w :

Water activity

a * w :

Geometric mean water activity (at constant spreading pressure)

C g :

GAB model constant

A m :

Area of water molecule (m2)

K B :

Boltzmann constant (1.38 × 10−23 J K−1)

K g :

GAB model constant

M iexp :

Experimental moisture content (% d.b)

M iexp :

Predicted moisture content (% d.b)

N :

Number of observations

n :

Number of isotherms

R :

Universal gas constant (8.314 kJ mol−1 K−1)

T :

Absolute temperature (K)

T hm :

Harmonic mean temperature (K)

α:

Constant

φ :

Spreading pressure (J m−2)

∆h in :

Net integral enthalpy (kJ mol−1)

∆S d :

Differential entropy (kJ mol−1 K−1)

∆S in :

Net integral entropy (kJ mol−1 K−1)

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Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to the Director, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute for providing necessary facilities. Also, the fellowship provided by University Grants Commission to the first author is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Southern Regional Station, Bengaluru, 560030, India

    H. V. Vikram Simha, Heartwin A. Pushpadass, Magdaline Eljeeva Emerald Franklin & P. Arun Kumar

  2. Dr. Sivanthi Aditanar College of Engineering, Tiruchendur, 628215, India

    K. Manimala

Authors
  1. H. V. Vikram Simha
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  2. Heartwin A. Pushpadass
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  3. Magdaline Eljeeva Emerald Franklin
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  4. P. Arun Kumar
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  5. K. Manimala
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Heartwin A. Pushpadass.

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Simha, H.V.V., Pushpadass, H.A., Franklin, M.E.E. et al. Soft computing modelling of moisture sorption isotherms of milk-foxtail millet powder and determination of thermodynamic properties. J Food Sci Technol 53, 2705–2714 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-016-2242-8

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