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Application of environmental sensitivity index (ESI) maps of shorelines to coastal oil spills: a case study of Cat Ba Island, Vietnam

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Abstract

The transportation of crude diesel oil in Lach Huyen port (Cat Ba Island) in Northeast Vietnam has increased due to industry development. These areas support tankers and other ships, which therefore increases the potential for oil spills from ships’s and or tankers’s collision. This paper presents the development of a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model for prediction of oil spill trajectories. An oil spill model combining with a GIS supportive software was also established to simulate hydrodynamic flow and the transportation of crude oil trajectories to the environment. Both models were calibrated and validated using field data. The GIS supportive software was applied for mapping the environmental sensitivity index that accounts for digital databases as well as for the abundant biodiversity and coastal geomorphologic features of the shoreline. The simulation results from the hydrodynamic flow model showed that the hydrodynamic flow regime in the study area is complicated due to the influence of seabed geometries with many small islands and riverine estuaries. Results from the oil spill model revealed that an oil spill even at Lach Huyen port would affect and spread out across a vast area. Environmental sensitivity maps of the shoreline for the Cat Ba ecosystem were subsequently constructed to explain how oil spills affect the marine environment. This study can be used to provide the information and preparedness for coastline managers in their effort to protect shoreline from major oil or chemical disasters.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to thank Ly DT, Ha TN and Khuong VH for their assistance with the collection of land use, topography, meteorological, and oceanographic data. We are thankful to HMEC and IMER for this research opportunity and for the facilities used to perform the study. The research was financially supported in part by Da-Yeh University of Taiwan.

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Author notes

  1. Nguyen Cao Don

    Present address: Thuyloi University, 175 Tay Son Rd, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Engineering, DaYeh University, Changhua City, Taiwan

    Doan Quang Tri & Chen Yi Ching

  2. Department of Wood Science, Mendel University In Brno, 16-2 Onogawa, Brno, Czech Republic

    P. K. Mishra

  3. National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0053, Japan

    Nguyen Cao Don

  4. Institute of Lowland and Marine Research, Saga National University, Honjo 1, Saga, 840-8502, Japan

    Nguyen Cao Don

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  1. Doan Quang Tri
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  2. Nguyen Cao Don
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  3. Chen Yi Ching
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  4. P. K. Mishra
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Correspondence to Nguyen Cao Don.

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Tri, D.Q., Don, N.C., Ching, C.Y. et al. Application of environmental sensitivity index (ESI) maps of shorelines to coastal oil spills: a case study of Cat Ba Island, Vietnam. Environ Earth Sci 74, 3433–3451 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-015-4380-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-015-4380-0

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