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A Late Jurassic freshwater shark assemblage (Chondrichthyes, Hybodontiformes) from the southern Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, Northwest China

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Abstract

A low-diversity hybodont assemblage from the Late Jurassic (Oxfordian) Qigu Formation at Liuhuanggou in the southern Junggar Basin includes the remains of three taxa based on isolated teeth, two of which represent new species of a hitherto unknown genus: Hybodus sp. cf. H. huangnidanensis Wang, 1977, Jiaodontus montaltissimus gen. et sp. nov., and Jiaodontus vedenemus gen. et sp. nov. H. sp. cf. H. huangnidanensis might represent a new taxon pending future revisions. The two new species of Jiaodontus gen. nov. are assigned to the Lonchidiidae and represent endemic species, which are only known from the Junggar Basin. Their teeth superficially resemble those of other lonchidiids, such as Parvodus and Vectiselachos, but differ in several aspects, including the morphology of the cusp and cusplets and the ornamentation pattern. Two different morphotypes of dermal denticles with hybodont affinities, possibly representing two species, are described. The low enameloid δ18OPO4 values [9.7 ± 0.4‰ (standard deviation), n = 5) of H. sp. cf. H. huangnidanensis teeth indicate that at least this taxon was completely adapted to freshwater. This is in good accordance with the depositional setting and sedimentological results.

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Acknowledgements

For collaboration and field assistance, we are deeply indebted to personnel from the Geological Survey No. 1 in Urumqi and the Jilin University in Chanchun, especially to Prof. Sun Ge for his constant help and support. We would like to thank Li Jie, Du Xing, Wu Wenhao, Dr. Sun Yue-Wu, Köbi Siber, Rico Schellhorn, Ben Thuy, Jean Sebastian Marpmann, Juliane Hinz, Kristina Hippe, Roland Kersting and Christian Dechert for their help during excavation. Sven Balmer, Juliane Hinz, Kristina Pascher, Roland Kersting, Franziska Kiebach, Anke Küttner, Kai Jäger, Jacqueline Langer, Leonie Lenssen, Achim Schwermann, Nadine Siegling, Annika Szameitat, Benedikt Steiner, and Ben Thuy picked the screen-washing concentrate under the stereomicroscope. Jürgen Kriwet is thanked for lively and helpful discussions. Dorothea Kranz (Bonn) provided Fig. 1. Chris Duffin and two anonymous reviewers are thanked for their helpful comments, which improved the manuscript. The project was funded by technical grants MA 1643/11 to TM and PF 219/21 to Hans-Ulrich Pfretzschner (Tübingen) of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG). TT was funded by the DFG grant TU 148/2-1: Emmy Noether-Group “Bone Geochemistry”. SK acknowledges the DFG for supporting her research under grant numbers KR2307/3-1 and KR2307/3-2.

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  1. Stefanie Klug

    Present address: Department of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queen’s Road, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, UK

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191, Stuttgart, Germany

    Stefanie Klug

  2. Steinmann-Institut für Geologie, Mineralogie und Paläontologie, Universität Bonn, Poppelsdorfer Schloss, 53115, Bonn, Germany

    Thomas Tütken

  3. Museum für Naturkunde Berlin, Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstraße 43, 10115, Berlin, Germany

    Oliver Wings

  4. Institut für Geowissenschaften, Universität Tübingen, Sigwartstraße 10, 72076, Tübingen, Germany

    Hans-Ulrich Pfretzschner

  5. Steinmann-Institut für Geologie, Mineralogie und Paläontologie, Universität Bonn, Nussallee 8, 53115, Bonn, Germany

    Thomas Martin

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This article is a contribution to the special issue “Triassic-Jurassic biodiversity, ecosystems, and climate in the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, Northwest China.

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Klug, S., Tütken, T., Wings, O. et al. A Late Jurassic freshwater shark assemblage (Chondrichthyes, Hybodontiformes) from the southern Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, Northwest China. Palaeobio Palaeoenv 90, 241–257 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12549-010-0032-2

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