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Assessing the influence of watershed characteristics on soil erosion susceptibility of Jhelum basin in Kashmir Himalayas

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Abstract

Soil erosion, a serious environmental problem, is a global challenge. Once a portion of a fertile soil is lost, it is very difficult to replace it, and this leads to decrease in crop production, damage to drainage networks, and siltation of dams and reservoirs. Human practices like intensive agriculture, overgrazing, and deforestation have intensified the rate of soil erosion all over the world. The Jhelum basin which forms the north-western part of the complex mountain system Himalayas is not only highly vulnerable to natural hazards like earthquakes, landslides, and floods but is also highly susceptible to soil erosion. There is an immediate need to device strategies to reduce adverse impacts of soil erosion and to conserve natural resources like soil, water, and forests by means of proper watershed management programs in the Himalayan region. The present study is carried out for eight upper watersheds of Jhelum basin, an area which are facing serious issues like boulder extraction, deforestation, and unplanned urbanization. The present work demonstrates the use of morphometry, land use, and slope coupled with the multicriteria analytical (MCA) framework to estimate the soil erosion susceptibility of these watersheds using Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System techniques. The present study revealed that out of eight upper watersheds, Arapal, Lidder, and Bringi fall in high priority and need immediate attention and measures to reduce soil erosion in the area. Sandran, Rembiara, and Romshii fall in medium priority. Kuthar and Vishav fall in the low-priority category and are least susceptible to soil erosion.

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Acknowledgements

We are extremely thankful to Dr. Tasneem Keng, Scientist, Department of Environment and Remote Sensing Jammu and Kashmir for his kind guidance and encouragement. Our heartfelt thanks go to Dr. R Annadurai, professor, the SRM University for his valuable suggestions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India

    Muzamil Ahmad Rather & J Satish Kumar

  2. Department of Environment and Remote Sensing, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190008, India

    Majid Farooq & Humayan Rashid

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  1. Muzamil Ahmad Rather
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  2. J Satish Kumar
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  4. Humayan Rashid
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Correspondence to Muzamil Ahmad Rather.

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Rather, M.A., Satish Kumar, J., Farooq, M. et al. Assessing the influence of watershed characteristics on soil erosion susceptibility of Jhelum basin in Kashmir Himalayas. Arab J Geosci 10, 59 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-017-2847-x

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