Skip to main content
Log in

A new device for measuring ski running surface force and pressure profiles

  • Technical Note
  • Published:
Sports Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The pressure/force acting between the running surface of a ski and the snow may indirectly change glide friction. Thus, measuring the pressure/force distribution may be important for a deeper understanding of glide in skiing. The present aim was to construct a device that allowed the pressure/force underneath the ski running surface (SRS) to be recorded. Pressure sensors were attached on top of a platform. Sheets of different materials were used to improve the interaction between the SRS and the sensors. Possible functions of the device are demonstrated in three applications that emphasized comparison of force distribution underneath skis selected for similarity, force distribution under both skis and a single ski as well as backward weight distribution. The results show that the device with the pressure sensors mapped pressure/force distribution underneath the skis in the applications presented, and the system can thus be a useful tool for further optimizing e.g., ski designs.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

References

  1. Ambach W, Mayr B (1981) Ski gliding and water film. Cold Regions Sci Tech 5:59–65

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Bowden E (1963) The book of American skiing. Bonanza, New York

    Google Scholar 

  3. Colbeck SC (1988) The kinetic friction of snow. J Glaciol 34:78–86

    Google Scholar 

  4. Colbeck SC (1992) A review of the process that control snow friction. Technical Report 2, US Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, NH

  5. Ekström H (1981) Force interplay in cross-country skiing. Scandinavian J Sports Sci 3(2):69–76

    Google Scholar 

  6. Heinrich D, Kaps P, Mössner M, Schretter H, Nachbauer W (2009) Calculation of the pressure distribution between ski and snow. In: E Müller, S Lindinger and T Stöggl (eds) Science and skiing IV. Meyer & Meyer Sport, Maidenhead, pp 96–106

  7. Komi PV (1987) Force measurements during cross-country skiing. Intern J Biomech 3:370–381

    Google Scholar 

  8. Kuroiwa D (1977) The kinetic friction on snow and ice. J Glaciol 19:141–152

    Google Scholar 

  9. Lüthi A, Federolf P, Fauve M, Oberhofer K, Rhyner H, Ammann W, Stricker G, Schiefermüller C, Eitzlmair E, Schwameder H and Müller E (2005) Determination of forces in carving using three independent methods. In: Scince and skiing III. In: Müller E, Bacharach D, Klika R, Lindinger S, Schwameder H (eds) Meyer & Meyer Sport, Oxford, pp 96–106

  10. Nilsson J, Tveit P, Eikrehagen O (2004) Effects of speed on temporal patterns in classical style and freestyle cross-county skiing. Sports Biomech 3(1):85–108

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank the Norwegian national cross-country ski team for generously contributing test skis and for collaboration in the glide testing. We also thank Swix Sport AS for their generous contribution of test skis.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Johnny Nilsson.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Nilsson, J., Karlöf, L. & Jakobsen, V. A new device for measuring ski running surface force and pressure profiles. Sports Eng 16, 55–59 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12283-012-0109-4

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12283-012-0109-4

Keywords

Navigation