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HPLC–DAD–MS/MS profiling of standardized rosemary extract and enhancement of its anti-wrinkle activity by encapsulation in elastic nanovesicles

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Abstract

The anti-wrinkle activity of defatted rosemary extract (DER) was assessed, and its effect was optimized by encapsulation in transferosomes (TFs). DER was standardized to a rosmarinic acid content of 4.58 ± 0.023 mg% using reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (Rp-HPLC), and its components were identified by HPLC-diode array detection-tandem mass spectrometry. In vitro free radical scavenging assays showed DER had high free radical scavenging activity against 2,2-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), and superoxide radicals. DER also inhibited bleaching of β-carotene with high Fe(III) and Fe(II) chelating ability. In vivo anti-wrinkle activities of topically applied DER (20, 50, and 100 mg) and a TF formulation (TF4, 20 mg of DER) were evaluated in UVB-irradiated mice using a wrinkle scoring method, metalloproteinase (MMP) expression, and histopathology. Among the nanovesicles, TF4 was the most deformable, and had an acceptable size and encapsulation efficiency and enhanced permeation of DER through rat skin compared with unencapsulated DER. DER (50 and 100 mg) and TF4 significantly inhibited MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression and improved wrinkle scores. DER and TF4 moderately decreased epidermal thickness without pigmentation. DER is a potent natural antioxidant for combating skin aging. Moreover, encapsulation of DER in TFs will enhance its skin permeation and anti-wrinkle activity.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Associate Professor Dr. Anka Klingner, Physics Department, Faculty of Basic Science, German University in Cairo, Al-Tagmoa Al-Khames, New Cairo, Egypt for assistance with the AFM measurements. The authors would also like to thank Prof. Dr. Wafaa Amer,Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt for authentication of the plant material. The authors are also grateful to Prof. Dr. Hesham El-Askary, Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University for performing the HPLC analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Ainy St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt

    Shahira M. Ezzat & Maha M. Salama

  2. Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

    Aliaa N. ElMeshad & Mahmoud H. Teaima

  3. Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

    Laila A. Rashad

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  1. Shahira M. Ezzat
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Correspondence to Shahira M. Ezzat.

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Ezzat, S.M., Salama, M.M., ElMeshad, A.N. et al. HPLC–DAD–MS/MS profiling of standardized rosemary extract and enhancement of its anti-wrinkle activity by encapsulation in elastic nanovesicles. Arch. Pharm. Res. 39, 912–925 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-016-0744-6

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