Abstract
Physical examination of any swelling is the first step in making a diagnosis. Many a times we see a patient with a spherical swelling, which is usually a cyst. The interpretation of physical signs should be based on sound principles of physics. In the present paper, we explain physical characteristics of a swelling (cyst) using principles of fluid mechanics.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Mannello F, Gaetana AM, Tonti GAM (2006) Benign breast diseases: classification, diagnosis, and management. Oncologist 11:1132–1134
van’t Hoff JH (1887) The role of osmotic pressure in the analogy between solutions and gases. Zeitschrift fur physikalische Chemie 1:481–508
Srivastava A, Sood A, JoyS P, Woodcock J (2009) Principles of physics in surgery: the laws of flow dynamics physics for surgeons—part 1. Indian J Surg 71:182–187
Magar V, Franks S et al (2004) A mathematical model of the dynamics of odontogenic cyst growth. American Society of Cytology 26(1):39–46
Halliday D, Resnick R, Walker J (2002) Fundamentals of physics, sixth edn. Wiley, Singapore
Massey B S, Smith J W (2001) Mechanics of fluids, Seventh edn, Volume 1. United Kingdom, CRC Press, Nelsen Thornes Ltd
Vennard J K (2013) Elementary fluid mechanics chapter 1. Read Books Ltd Ca
Ferziger J H, Peric M (2002) Computational methods for fluid dynamics, Third edn. Springer
Kays WM, CrawFord ME, Weigand B (2005) Convective heat and mass transfer, Fourth edn. McGraw Hill, New York, pp 330–343
Toller PA (1970) The osmolality of fluids from cysts of the jaw. J Brit Dent 129:275–278
Sargar KM, Siegel MJ (2014) Sonography of acute appendicitis and its mimics in children. Indian J Radiol Imaging 24:163–170
Sinde UP, Chougule SS, Dighavkar CG, Jagadale BS, Halwar DK (2015) Surface tension as a function of tempareture and concentration of liquid. Intl J Chem Phys Services 4:1–7
Richard C, Tolman RC (1949) The effect of droplet size on surface tension. J Chem Phys 17:333
Rotenberg Y, Boruvka L, Neumann AW (1983) Determination of surface tension and contact angle from the shapes of axisymmetric fluid interfaces. J Coll Interface Science 93:169–183
Srivastava A, Sood A, Joy PS, Mandal S, Panwar R, Ravichandran S, Sarangi S, Woodcock J (2010) Principles of physics in surgery: the laws of mechanics and vectors physics for surgeons—part 2. Indian J Surg 72(5):355–361
Acknowledgements
One of the authors, Darakhshan Qaiser, would like to acknowledge the University Grant Commission for the funding grant as post doctoral fellowship for women.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Funding
None.
Presentation or prior Publication
None.
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Qaiser, D., Srivastava, A., Ranjan, P. et al. Physics for Surgeons Part 3: Why Cyst Is Spherical in Shape?. Indian J Surg 79, 143–147 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12262-016-1586-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12262-016-1586-7