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Assessment of Growth, Tuber Elemental Composition, Stomatal Conductance and Chlorophyll Content of Two Potato Cultivars Under Irrigation with Fly Ash-Treated Acid Mine Drainage

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Abstract

The impact of fly ash (FA)-treated acid mine drainage (AMD) on growth, tuber yield and elemental composition, stomatal conductance and chlorophyll content of two potato cultivars was assessed. Two potato cultivars were irrigated with the following treatments: tap water (0% AMD/control), acid mine drainage mixed with fly ash (v/v); 25% AMD, 50% AMD & 75% AMD and untreated AMD (100% AMD). A complete randomized block design pot experiment with six replicates per treatment was conducted in two cropping seasons. Irrigation with 75% AMD in both cropping seasons significantly increased growth and tuber yield compared with control. However, unsafe levels of Ni, Zn, and Sr were found in tubers of both cultivars irrigated with FA-treated AMD treatments in both seasons. Additionally, FA-treated AMD treatments reduced leaf stomatal conductance and chlorophyll content relative to control in both cultivars. Cultivar response was found to differ with respect to all measured parameters.

Resumen

Se evaluó el impacto del drenaje ácido de las minas (AMD en inglés) tratado con ceniza de carbón (FA en inglés) sobre el crecimiento, rendimiento, composición elemental, conductancia estomatal y contenido de clorofila, en dos variedades de papa. Se regó a las dos variedades con los siguientes tratamientos: agua normal (0% AMD/testigo), drenaje ácido de las minas mezclado con ceniza de carbón (v/v); 25% AMD, 50% AMD & 75% AMD y AMD sin tratar (100% AMD). Durante dos ciclos de cultivo, se condujo un experimento en macetas con un diseño de bloques completos al azar con seis repeticiones por tratamiento. El riego con 75% AMD en ambos ciclos aumentó significativamente el crecimiento y el rendimiento de tubérculo en comparación con el testigo. No obstante, se encontraron niveles inseguros de Ni, Zn, y Sr en tubérculos de ambas variedades regadas con los tratamientos de AMD tratado con FA en ambos ciclos. Además, los tratamientos con AMD tratado con FA redujeron la conductancia estomatal de la hoja y el contenido de clorofila en relación con el testigo en ambas variedades. Se encontró que la respuesta varietal difería con respecto a todos los parámetros medidos.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to acknowledge the University of South Africa for funding this project and thank Mr. Du Plessis of First Potato Dynamics Company (FPD) for providing certified potato seeds and Ms. B. Heichler (Ulula Fly Ash) for assistance in securing fly ash for the project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa

    Maropeng Vellry Nemutanzhela, David Mxolisi Modise, Kotose Joseph Siyoko & Sheku Alfred Kanu

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  1. Maropeng Vellry Nemutanzhela
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  2. David Mxolisi Modise
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  3. Kotose Joseph Siyoko
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  4. Sheku Alfred Kanu
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Correspondence to Sheku Alfred Kanu.

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The experiments comply with the current laws of the Republic of South Africa as all ethical compliance requirements were satisfied.

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Nemutanzhela, M.V., Modise, D.M., Siyoko, K.J. et al. Assessment of Growth, Tuber Elemental Composition, Stomatal Conductance and Chlorophyll Content of Two Potato Cultivars Under Irrigation with Fly Ash-Treated Acid Mine Drainage. Am. J. Potato Res. 94, 367–378 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-017-9572-6

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