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Strategies for Selecting Stable Common Scab Resistant Clones in a Potato Breeding Program

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Abstract

Common scab (CS) of potato, caused by Streptomyces scabies, is an important disease in the US. CS problems can be avoided using resistant varieties. However, evaluating breeding clones can be complicated by high location and season-based soil and environmental variation. In this study we evaluated the efficacy of screening for CS resistance within the Wisconsin breeding program across multiple environments from 2006 to 2013. In each trial, 60–160 clones were evaluated. We compared the ability to select for CS resistance in a set of 18 dedicated CS screening trials (DST) versus 18 similar parallel standard breeding trials (SBT). Heritability for CS rating across DST was 0.83 vs. 0.53 in SBT. Data analysis from DST was able to separate CS susceptible cultivars (Atlantic, Snowden) from resistant cultivars (Pike, Snowden). However, same data analysis from SBT was not able to separate susceptible from resistant cultivars. Using DST datasets, we estimated the genotypic stability of scab performance across years and locations. We also calculated the probability distributions for the better or worse performance of a given clone vs. a standard variety. Using results from six or more DST we identified five round white clones that outperformed or matched CS tolerant Pike, eleven russet clones that outperformed or matched CS tolerant Russet Burbank and five red or yellow skin clones that outperformed or matched CS resistance level of Dark Red Norland. The approaches utilized here offer useful additional information for breeding programs which aim to improve selection efficiency for scab resistance.

Resumen

La roña común de la papa (CS), causada por Streptomyces scabies, es una enfermedad importante en los Estados Unidos. Los problemas por CS pueden evitarse usando variedades resistentes. No obstante, la evaluación de clones en mejoramiento puede complicarse por una alta variabilidad entre las localidades, las estaciones de cultivo y el ambiente en el suelo. En este estudio evaluamos la eficacia de examinar la resistencia a CS dentro del programa de mejoramiento de Wisconsin a lo largo de múltiples ambientes del 2006 al 2013. En cada ensayo se evaluaron de 60 a 160 clones. Comparamos la habilidad para seleccionar para resistencia a CS en un grupo de 18 ensayos específicos para CS (DST) contra 18 ensayos estándares de mejoramiento para rendimiento (SBT). Los niveles de la heredabilidad para CS a lo largo de DST fue de 0.83 vs 0.53 en SBT. El análisis de datos de DST fue capaz de separar variedades susceptibles a CS (Atlantic, Snowden) de las resistentes (Pike, Snowden). No obstante, el mismo análisis de datos de SBT no pudo separar a las variedades susceptibles de las resistentes. Con el uso de los datos de DST estimamos la estabilidad genotípica del comportamiento a la roña a lo largo de los años y localidades. También calculamos las distribuciones de probabilidad de los comportamientos de los clones estudiados vs variedades estándares. Mediante el uso de resultados de seis o más DST identificamos cinco clones redondos blancos que superaron o igualaron a la variedad tolerante a CS Pike, once clones del tipo russet que superaron o igualaron a la variedad tolerante a CS Russet Burbank y cinco clones rojos o de piel amarilla que superaron o igualaron al nivel de resistencia a CS de Dark Red Norland. Las estrategias utilizadas aquí ofrecen información adicional de utilidad para los programas de mejoramiento que tienen el propósito de mejorar la eficiencia de selección de clones para resistencia a roña.

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Abbreviations

CS:

Common scab

SBT:

Standard breeding trials

DST:

Dedicated common scab screening trials

H2 :

Heritability estimates on an entry-means basis

REML:

Restricted maximum likelihood

BLUP:

Best linear unbiased predictor

HARS:

Hancock Agricultural Research Station

RARS:

Rhinelander Agricultural Research Station

HFarms:

Heartland Farms, Hancock, WI.

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Acknowledgments

Research was supported by USDA NIFA grants (PI: J. Palta and F. Navarro), the University of Wisconsin-Madison College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, the Wisconsin Potato Industry Board. The authors thank the staff at the Hancock and Rhinelander Agricultural Research Stations. Special thanks to Heartland Farms, Inc. for contributing and managing a testing location for these trials.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Agricultural Research Stations, University of Wisconsin - Madison, N3909 County Road V, Hancock, WI, 54943, USA

    Félix M. Navarro

  2. Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 1575 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA

    Kyle T. Rak & Jiwan P. Palta

  3. Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Stone Road West, 1st Floor, Guelph, ON, N1G 4Y2, Canada

    Eugenia Banks

  4. Agricultural Research Stations, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 4181 Camp Bryn Afon Rd., Rhinelander, WI, 54501, USA

    Bryan D. Bowen

  5. Higgins Farms, 4220 N Crescent Ave., Farmington, NM, 87401, USA

    Charlie Higgins

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  1. Félix M. Navarro
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Correspondence to Félix M. Navarro.

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Navarro, F.M., Rak, K.T., Banks, E. et al. Strategies for Selecting Stable Common Scab Resistant Clones in a Potato Breeding Program. Am. J. Potato Res. 92, 326–338 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-015-9435-y

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