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Sulfate source apportionment in the Ny-Ålesund (Svalbard Islands) Arctic aerosol

  • Environmental Changes in Arctic
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Abstract

Daily PM10 aerosol samples were collected at the Gruvebadet observatory, Ny-Ålesund (Svalbard Islands), during the spring-summer 2014 Italian Arctic Campaign. A total of 136 samples were analysed for ion (inorganic anions and cations, selected organic anions) composition aiming to evaluate the seasonal pattern of sulfate, as a key component of the Arctic haze. Ionic balances indicated a strong sulfate seasonality with mean spring concentration about 1.5 times higher than that measured in summer. The spring and summer aerosol was almost neutral, indicating that ammonia was the major neutralizing agent for atmospheric acidic species. The linear regression between sulfate from potential acidic sources (non-sea salt sulfate and non-crustal sulfate) and ammonium indicated that the mean sulfate/ammonium ratio was intermediate between semi-(NH4HSO4) and complete ((NH4)2SO4) neutralization. Using sea-salt sodium as sea-spray marker, non-sea-salt calcium as crustal marker and methanesulfonic acid as biogenic marker, a detailed source apportionment for sulfate was carried out. The anthropogenic input (calculated as the differences between total sulfate and the sum of sea-salt, crustal and biogenic contributes) was found to be the most relevant contribution to the sulfate budget in the Ny-Ålesund aerosol in summer and, especially, in spring. In this last season, crustal, sea-salt, biogenic and anthropogenic sources accounted for 3.3, 12.0, 11.5 and 74.8 %, respectively.

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Acknowledgments

This study was partially funded by the Italian Ministry of University and Research (MIUR) within the framework of the PRIN-2009 project 20092C7KRC_002. The logistic assistance of the Polar Support Unit of the CNR Department of Earth and Environment (POLARNET) is gratefully acknowledged. This work was also partially supported by Italian MAE (Ministry of Foreign Affairs), within a bilateral cooperation program, in the framework of the Italy-South Korea agreement 2013–2015.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy

    Roberto Udisti, Silvia Becagli, Laura Caiazzo, Daniele Frosini, Fabio Giardi, Mirko Severi & Rita Traversi

  2. Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genoa, 16146, Genoa, Italy

    Andrea Bazzano & Marco Grotti

  3. Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126, Milan, Italy

    Ezio Bolzacchini & Luca Ferrero

  4. Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università Degli Studi di Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy

    David Cappelletti & Beatrice Moroni

  5. CNR-ISAC, 40129, Bologna, Italy

    Angelo Lupi, Mauro Mazzola & Vito Vitale

  6. Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, 10125, Turin, Italy

    Mery Malandrino

  7. CNR-ISAC, 00133, Rome, Italy

    Angelo Viola

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  1. Roberto Udisti
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  2. Andrea Bazzano
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  3. Silvia Becagli
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  11. Angelo Lupi
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  15. Mirko Severi
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  18. Vito Vitale
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Correspondence to Roberto Udisti.

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This peer-reviewed article is a result of the multi and interdisciplinary research activities based at the Arctic Station “Dirigibile Italia”, coordinated by the “Dipartimento Scienze del Sistema Terra e Tecnologie per l’Ambiente” of the National Research Council of Italy.

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Udisti, R., Bazzano, A., Becagli, S. et al. Sulfate source apportionment in the Ny-Ålesund (Svalbard Islands) Arctic aerosol. Rend. Fis. Acc. Lincei 27 (Suppl 1), 85–94 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12210-016-0517-7

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