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Optimum design of diffuser in a small high-speed centrifugal fan using CFD & DOE

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Abstract

Small fans with powerful performance are being developed recently, reflecting the trends of the times in which electrical home appliances are becoming smaller and smaller. In order to develop high-performance, high-efficiency fans, an analysis of the effects of design parameters and an optimum design process are essential. This study was conducted to analyze the effects of design parameters of the diffuser in a small, high-speed centrifugal fan, and to derive an optimum model based on the results. Six design parameters (independent variables) were considered for this study: the number of Guide vanes (GVs), the meridional plane length of the GV(rear), the crosssectional area of the Leading edge (LE) in the GV(rear), the beta angle of the Trailing edge (TE) in the GV(rear), the maximum thickness of the airfoil in the GV(rear), and the maximum thickness position of the airfoil in the GV(rear). In addition, the dependent variables were fan performance (vacuum and fan efficiency), and the results were converted to dimensionless values. For screening design, the 26-1 fractional factorial design method was used. To check the existence of the curvature effect, the center point was added. For optimum design, the central composite design method of the Response surface methodology (RSM) was used for two design variables. P-value and T-value were used to determine whether each compounded factor was appropriate for the analysis object of the design of experiments. The results of the screening design were expressed by Pareto chart and main effects plot, and the results of the optimum design by surface plot, overlaid contour plot, and Response optimization. The reliability of the Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was verified through a comparison between the experiment results and CFD results of the optimum model. As a result of the screening design, the design parameter that had the greatest influence on fan performance was the beta angle of the TE in the GV(rear), followed by the number of the GV(rear) and the maximum thickness of airfoil in the GV(rear). It was judged that the vacuum increase was determined by the beta angle of the TE in the GV(rear), and that the main cause of the vacuum decrease was the increase of pressure loss due to the decreasing cross-sectional area between the GVs and the generation of a vortex at the hub of TE in the GV(rear).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Thermal & Fluid System R&BD Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 89 Yangdaegiro-gil, Ipjang-myeon, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si, 331-822, Korea

    Uk-Hee Jung, Joon-Hyung Kim, Jin-Hyuk Kim & Young-Seok Choi

  2. Advanced Energy & System Technology, University of Science & Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-350, Korea

    Jin-Hyuk Kim & Young-Seok Choi

  3. CAE Group, Fundamental Technology Team, Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Ltd., 150, Maeyoung-ro, Yeongtong-Gu, Suwon-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, 443-743, Korea

    Chang-Hwan Park & Sang-Ook Jun

Authors
  1. Uk-Hee Jung
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  2. Joon-Hyung Kim
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  3. Jin-Hyuk Kim
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  4. Chang-Hwan Park
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  5. Sang-Ook Jun
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Young-Seok Choi.

Additional information

Uk-Hee Jung received his B.S. and M.S. degrees from the Korea University of Technology and Education and Korea University, Korea, in 2004 and 2008, respectively. He is currently a researcher in KITECH. His research interests are designs of turbo machinery, numerical analyses, optimization techniques and experimental tests.

Joon-Hyung Kim received his B.S. and M.S. degrees from the Hanyang University, Korea, in 2005 and 2007, respecttively. Currently he is pursuing his research towards Ph.D. in Fluid Mechanics at the Hanyang University, Korea. And he is currently a researcher in KITECH. His research interests are designs of turbo machinery, numerical analyses, optimization techniques and experimental tests.

Jin-Hyuk Kim received his Ph.D. degree in Thermodynamics and Fluid Mechanics at Inha University, Korea, in Aug. 2013. He was a postdoctoral researcher in Faculty of Engineering at Kyushu Institute of Technology, Japan, from Sep. to Nov. 2013. Since Dec. 2013, he has been a Senior Researcher in Thermal & Fluid System R&BD Group, at KITECH, Korea. His research interests are designs of turbo machinery, numerical analyses, optimization techniques and experimental tests.

Chang-Hwan Park received his B.S. degree from the KAIST in 1995, and his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Aerospace engineering at the same university in 1997 and 2005, respectively. He is currently a principal researcher in Samsung Electro-Mechanics. His research interests are turbulent flow, designs of turbo machinery and CFD.

Sang-Ook Jun is a Senior Engineer at Samsung Electro-Mechanics. He obtained a Ph.D. in the integrated MA/Ph.D Course at Seoul National University in 2010, and a B.S. degree at the same university in 2002. His research topics of interest include multidisciplinary design optimization of complex engineering system by using probabilistic and stochastic approaches, and reduced order model to improve computational efficiency of computational fluid dynamics.

Young-Seok Choi received his B.S. degree from Seoul National University in 1988, and his M.S. and Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering at the same university in 1990 and 1996, respectively. He is currently a principal researcher in KITECH. His research interests are in computational fluid dynamics and design optimization of turbomachinery.

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Jung, UH., Kim, JH., Kim, JH. et al. Optimum design of diffuser in a small high-speed centrifugal fan using CFD & DOE. J Mech Sci Technol 30, 1171–1184 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-016-0221-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-016-0221-7

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