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Körperliches Training in der Kardiologie – die Intensität ist entscheidend

Physical training in cardiology – the intensity is crucia

  • Übersicht
  • Published:
Der Kardiologe Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Körperliches Training ist eine zentrale Therapiestrategie in Ergänzung zur Pharmakotherapie bei unterschiedlichen kardiovaskulären Risikofaktoren und Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen. So können arterielle Hypertonie, Dyslipoproteinämie sowie Typ 2 Diabetes mellitus ebenso verbessert werden wie die koronare Herzerkrankung, Vorhofflimmern oder diastolische und systolische Herzinsuffizienz („heart failure with preserved or reduced ejection fraction“). Die Intensität körperlichen Trainings scheint entscheidend für den Erfolg der Intervention zu sein. Bei kardiovaskulären Risikofaktoren hat sich ein höher intensives Training als effektiver als ein moderates Training erwiesen. Bei kardialen Erkrankungen scheint aber ein moderates bis „supra“-moderates Training ohne hoch intensive Belastung die optimale Dosis zu sein. Aktuelle randomisierte Studien werden zeigen, inwieweit höhere Belastungen neben positiven pathophysiologischen Effekten auch die Rate der Morbidität und Mortalität reduzieren.

Abstract

Exercise training is a core treatment component in various cardiovascular risk factors and heart disease. Likewise, arterial hypertension, dyslipoproteinemia and type 2 diabetes, as well as cardiac diseases such as coronary heart disease, artrial fibrillation and heart failure with preserved as well as reduced ejection fraction, can be significantly improved. The intensity of exercise seems to play an essential component in achieving optimal beneficial effects. High intensities even of high-intensity exercise have proven to be superior to moderate or low intensity with respect to cardiovascular risk factors. In cardiac disease, supra-moderate intensities without high-intensity intervals seem to be the optimal dose of exercise. Current ongoing studies will show which exercise intensity yields the best pathophysiological adaptation, thereby potentally reducing morbidity and even mortality.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Zentrum für Prävention und Sportmedizin, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 56, 80992, München, Deutschland

    M. Halle

  2. Deutsches Zentrum für Herzkreislauferkrankungen (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, München, Deutschland

    M. Halle

  3. Else Kröner-Fresenius Präventionszentrum, Klinikum rechts der Isar, München, Deutschland

    M. Halle

  4. Kardiologie und Angiologie, Klinikum Links der Weser, Bremen, Deutschland

    R. Hambrecht

  5. Bremer Institut für Herz- und Kreislaufforschung (BIHKF), Klinikum Links der Weser, Bremen, Deutschland

    R. Hambrecht

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  1. M. Halle
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Correspondence to M. Halle.

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M. Halle und R. Hambrecht geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine von den Autoren durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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Im Namen der Projektgruppe Prävention der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Kardiologie (DGK)

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Halle, M., Hambrecht, R. Körperliches Training in der Kardiologie – die Intensität ist entscheidend. Kardiologe 10, 170–175 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12181-016-0057-5

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