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Direct Determination of Dichlorprop in Commercial Formulations, Tomato and Fruit Samples Using Photochemically Induced Fluorescence

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Abstract

A sensitive and simple method for dichlorprop, based on photochemically induced fluorescence detection, is proposed and applied to the determination of this herbicide in a technical formulation and in vegetable samples. The principle for the determination of dichlorprop is based on the enhancive effect of UV irradiation on the fluorescence signal of the analyte. The emission process correlated well with the mechanism of photoxidation in which the chlorine substituents of the aromatic ring are exchanged by a hydroxyl function. This technique is useful for the determination of compounds in samples with background fluorescence, such as dichlorprop in plum and tomato, without the need for tedious preparation. The dichlorprop irradiation process and chemical conditions for the fluorescence determination were optimised. According to the photochemical behaviour of the analyte, 6 min was selected as UV irradiation time in 50 % (v/v) methanol and pH 5 buffer solutions. The increment of the fluorescence intensity was proportional to the concentration of dichlorprop, giving a linear calibration graph over the concentration range from 40 to 200 ng mL−1 with a detection limit of 0.8 ng mL−1. Background fluorescence from plum and tomato matrices disappeared by subjecting each sample to selected irradiation treatment. Recoveries from all these vegetable samples of added dichlorprop were near 100 %.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the “Consejería de Educación, Cultura y Deportes” and “Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER)” Project no. PEII11-0351-7802

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Conflict of Interest

José A. Murillo Pulgarín declares that he has no conflict of interest. Luisa F. García Bermejo declares that she has no conflict of interest. Sonia Becedas Rodríguez declares that she has no conflict of interest. This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects.

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  1. Department of Analytical Chemistry and Foods Technology, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain

    José A. Murillo Pulgarín, Luisa F. García Bermejo & Sonia Becedas Rodríguez

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  1. José A. Murillo Pulgarín
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  2. Luisa F. García Bermejo
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  3. Sonia Becedas Rodríguez
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Correspondence to José A. Murillo Pulgarín.

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Pulgarín, J.A.M., Bermejo, L.F.G. & Rodríguez, S.B. Direct Determination of Dichlorprop in Commercial Formulations, Tomato and Fruit Samples Using Photochemically Induced Fluorescence. Food Anal. Methods 8, 1718–1726 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-014-0036-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-014-0036-z

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