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Expression of Sarcomeric Tropomyosin in Striated Muscles in Axolotl Treated with Shz-1, a Small Cardiogenic Molecule

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Abstract

We evaluated the effect of shz-1, a cardiogenic molecule, on the expression of various tropomyosin (TM) isoforms in the Mexican axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) hearts. qRT-PCR data show a ~1.5-fold increase in cardiac transcripts of the Nkx2.5 gene, which plays a crucial role in cardiogenesis in vertebrates. Shz-1 augments the expression of transcripts of the total sarcomeric TPM1 (both TPM1α & TPM1κ) and sarcomeric TPM4α. In order to understand the mechanism by which shz-1 augments the expression of sarcomeric TPM transcription in axolotl hearts, we transfected C2C12 cells with pGL3.axolotl. We transfected C2C12 cells with pGL3-axolotl TPM4 promoter constructs containing the firefly luciferase reporter gene. The transfected C2C12 cells were grown in the absence or presence of shz-1 (5 μM). Subsequently, we determined the firefly luciferase activity in the extracts of transfected cells. The results suggest that shz-1 activates the axolotl TPM4 promoter-driven ectopic expression in C2C12 cells. Also, we transfected C2C12 cells with a pGL3.1 vector containing the promoter of the mouse skeletal muscle troponin-I and observed a similar increase in the luciferase activity in shz-1-treated cells. We conclude that shz-1 activates the promoters of a variety of genes including axolotl TPM4. We have quantified the expression of the total sarcomeric TPM1 and observed a 1.5-fold increase in treated cells. Western blot analyses with CH1 monoclonal antibody specific for sarcomeric isoforms show that shz-1 does not increase the expression of TM protein in axolotl hearts, whereas it does in C2C12 cells. These findings support our hypothesis that cardiac TM expression in axolotl undergoes translational control.

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Acknowledgments

The work in this laboratory was supported by grants from American Heart Association (both National & New York State affiliate), CNY Children’s Miracle Network, Syracuse, NY, grants from Golisano Children’s Hospital, Syracuse, NY, and funding from College of Health Professionals, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse to DKD; the Barbara Kopp Cancer Research Fund to BJP; NIH grant 1R15HL112130-01 to XH, FAU. None of the authors has any conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA

    Syamalima Dube, Amr Matoq, Lauren Mikesell, Lynn Abbott, Ruham Alshiekh-Nasany, Henry Chionuma, Bernard J. Poiesz & Dipak K. Dube

  2. Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA

    Changlong Nan & Xupei Huang

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  1. Changlong Nan
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Correspondence to Dipak K. Dube.

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Nan, C., Dube, S., Matoq, A. et al. Expression of Sarcomeric Tropomyosin in Striated Muscles in Axolotl Treated with Shz-1, a Small Cardiogenic Molecule. Cardiovasc Toxicol 15, 29–40 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12012-014-9265-z

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