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Clinical Characteristics and Treatment of MOG-IgG–Associated Optic Neuritis

  • Neuro-Ophthalmology (R. Mallery, Section Editor)
  • Published:
Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Antibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) are associated with a unique acquired central nervous system demyelinating disease—termed MOG-IgG-associated disorder (MOGAD)—which has a variety of clinical manifestations, including optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, acute disseminating encephalomyelitis, and brainstem encephalitis. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the clinical characteristics, neuroimaging, treatments, and outcomes of MOGAD, with a focus on optic neuritis.

Recent Findings

The recent development of a reproducible, live cell–based assay for MOG-IgG, has improved our ability to identify and study this disease. Based on contemporary studies, it has become increasingly evident that MOGAD is distinct from multiple sclerosis and aquaporin-4-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder with different clinical features and treatment outcomes.

Summary

There is now sufficient evidence to separate MOGAD from other inflammatory central nervous system demyelinating disorders, which will allow focused research on understanding the pathophysiology of the disease. Prospective treatment trials are needed to determine the best course of treatment, and until then, treatment plans must be individualized to the clinical manifestations and severity of disease.

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Abbreviations

AQP4:

aquaporin-4

IgG:

immunoglobulin G

MOG:

myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein

MRI:

magnetic resonance imaging

NMOSD:

neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder

ON:

optic neuritis

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street, SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA

    Deena A. Tajfirouz, M. Tariq Bhatti & John J. Chen

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street, SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA

    M. Tariq Bhatti & John J. Chen

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  1. Deena A. Tajfirouz
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Tajfirouz, D.A., Bhatti, M.T. & Chen, J.J. Clinical Characteristics and Treatment of MOG-IgG–Associated Optic Neuritis . Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 19, 100 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11910-019-1014-z

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