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Virus Infections and Type 1 Diabetes Risk

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Abstract

Common intestinal infections caused by human enteroviruses (HEVs) are considered major environmental factors predisposing to type 1 diabetes (T1D). In spite of the active research of the field, the HEV-induced pathogenetic processes are poorly understood. Recently, after the first documented report on HEV infections in the pancreatic islets of deceased T1D patients, several groups became interested in the issue and studied valuable human material, the autopsy pancreases of diabetic and/or autoantibody-positive patients for HEV infections. In this review, the data on HEV infections in human pancreatic islets are discussed with special reference to the methods used. Likewise, mechanisms that could increase viral access to the pancreas are reviewed and discussed.

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Acknowledgment

This work is supported by grants from the European Union (EP7-HEALTH-2007, DIAPREPP N202013), the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (USA), The Academy of Finland, and the SFB-TR19 from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG).

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No potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Intestinal Viruses Unit, Department of Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), P.O. Box 30, 00271, Helsinki, Finland

    Merja Roivainen

  2. Department of Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany

    Karin Klingel

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  1. Merja Roivainen
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  2. Karin Klingel
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Correspondence to Merja Roivainen.

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Roivainen, M., Klingel, K. Virus Infections and Type 1 Diabetes Risk. Curr Diab Rep 10, 350–356 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-010-0139-x

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