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Pelvic Irradiation and Its Effects on the Lower Urinary Tract: a Literature Review

  • Post-Prostatectomy and Acquired Voiding Dysfunction (V Tse, Section Editor)
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Abstract

The benefit of radiotherapy (RT) for pelvic tumors such as prostate and bladder cancer is well described. As cancer control rates improve, long-term survivorship issues become highly relevant to cancer management and it is essential to better understand the long-term effects of radiation. The risk and nature of radiation toxicity in a patient depend on treatment-related factors such as the total radiation dose, the dose per fraction, and schedule of treatment as well as patient-related factors like age, baseline lower urinary tract symptoms, previous surgery in an irradiated site, and co-morbidities. Radiation may also have a negative impact on the outcomes of surgical procedures for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms. Technical developments in radiation therapy such as intensity-modulated radiotherapy and the use of various forms of image-guided radiotherapy have enabled a decrease in the dose in organs surrounding the tumor that in many situations has reduced severe radiation-induced toxicities.

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Conflict of Interest

Cristiano Mendes Gomes declares that he serves as an advisory board member for Astellas Pharma Inc.

Ricardo Vita Nunes declares that he serves as an advisory board member for Zambon Brasil.

Vincent Tse declares that he has no conflict of interest.

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This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

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  1. Division of Urology, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil

    Cristiano Mendes Gomes & Ricardo Vita Nunes

  2. Department of Urology, Concord Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia

    Vincent Tse

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  1. Cristiano Mendes Gomes
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Correspondence to Cristiano Mendes Gomes.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Post-Prostatectomy and Acquired Voiding Dysfunction

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Gomes, C.M., Nunes, R.V. & Tse, V. Pelvic Irradiation and Its Effects on the Lower Urinary Tract: a Literature Review. Curr Bladder Dysfunct Rep 10, 295–302 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11884-015-0316-5

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