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Les traitements de la maladie d’Alzheimer

Treatment options for Alzheimer’s disease

  • Thérapeutique / Therapeutics
  • Published:
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Résumé

Face à l’augmentation dramatique du nombre de patients touchés par la maladie d’Alzheimer, de nombreuses voies de recherche, médicamenteuses ou non, se sont développées au cours des 20 dernières années. Certaines ont abouti à la commercialisation de traitements médicamenteux symptomatiques comme les anticholinestérasiques ou la mémantine. Leur intérêt, leurs limites comme leurs modalités de prescription doivent être bien connus des praticiens, qu’ils en soient les initiateurs ou non. Les thérapies d’avenir explorent des voies curatives intervenant directement sur les lésions cérébrales et des pistes préventives afin d’éviter l’apparition de la maladie chez les sujets à risque. Parallèlement et de façon complémentaire aux traitements médicamenteux, différentes modalités d’interventions non pharmacologiques, individuelles ou collectives, ont émergé. Deux grandes orientations d’intervention sont bien définies à partir de cadrages théoriques différents, de type « rééducation » et « stimulation ». Plus récemment, se sont développées des modalités de prise en charge de type « activité physique ». L’apport de ces prises en charge fait également l’objet d’évaluations rigoureuses.

Abstract

As the number of patients suffering from Alzheimer’s disease has dramatically increased, numerous research projects have been developed during the last 20 years. Some clinical trials have led to the marketing of symptomatic therapies such as anticholinesterasic drugs or memantine. Practitioners must be very familiar with their effects, their limits and the rules concerning their prescription, whether or not they initiate treatment themselves. Research into future therapies explores curative methods, which operate directly on the cerebral lesions, as well as ways of preventing the occurrence of the disease in subjects at risk. In parallel with and in complement to drug therapies, various methods of non-pharmacological, individual or collective interventions, have emerged. Two main kinds of intervention have been well defined, each within a different theoretical framework, involving “rehabilitation” and “stimulation”. More recently, interventions based on “physical activity” have been developed. The impact of these non-pharmacological interventions is currently being evaluated.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hôpital Broca, APHP, université René Descartes, Paris-V, 54-56, rue Pascal, F-75013, Paris, France

    M. -L. Seux, J. de Rotrou & A. -S. Rigaud

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  1. M. -L. Seux
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  2. J. de Rotrou
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  3. A. -S. Rigaud
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Correspondence to M. -L. Seux.

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Seux, M.L., de Rotrou, J. & Rigaud, A.S. Les traitements de la maladie d’Alzheimer. Psychiatr Sci Hum Neurosci 6, 82–90 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11836-008-0060-4

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