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The course of anxiety and depression for patients with Hodgkin’s lymphoma or diffuse large B cell lymphoma: a longitudinal study of the PROFILES registry

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to prospectively assess anxiety and depression among patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Also, to compare its prevalence with a normative population, identify subgroups with more anxiety and depression, and assess its impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Methods

The population-based Eindhoven Cancer Registry was used to select patients diagnosed with HL or DLBCL from 1999 to 2010, 489 responded (T1). The HADS was completed four times (T1–T4), with a 1-year interval. Linear mixed-models were used to assess the course of anxiety and depression and identify high-risk subgroups.

Results

Both anxiety and depression were reported more often by patients compared to the normative population (p < 0.05). Over the four time points, approximately 10 % of patients reported to be always and 15 % reported to be sometimes anxious or depressed. Anxiety and depression did not improve in time. Patients with comorbidity and patients who were lower educated reported higher anxiety and depression scores (p < 0.05). Younger DLBCL patients reported higher anxiety scores, whereas older DLBCL patients reported higher depression scores over time (p < 0.05). Global health status/HRQoL was clinically relevant lower in patients with anxiety and depression and this appeared to be constant over time.

Conclusion

More HL and DLBCL patients experience anxiety and depression compared to their counterparts in the general population and it did not improve in time.

Implication for Cancer Survivors

Clinicians should be aware that former lymphoma patients with anxiety and depression have a deteriorated global health status/HRQoL and refer patients to suitable aftercare when necessary.

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Acknowledgements

We thank patients and their doctors for their participation in the study and M. van Bommel, MD, for independent advice and answering questions of patients, invited to participate. Medical oncologists and hematologists in the following hospitals provided cooperation: Catharina hospital, Eindhoven; Jeroen Bosch hospital, ‘S Hertogenbosch; Maxima Medical Center, Eindhoven and Veldhoven; Sint Anna hospital, Geldrop; St. Elisabeth hospital, Tilburg; Twee Steden hospital, Tilburg; VieCuri hospital, Venlo; and Venray and Hospital Bernhoven, Oss. This study was financially supported by the Jonker-Driessen Foundation and ZonMW: the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development, and by PHAROS: Population-based HAematological Registry for Observational Studies (no. 80-82500-98-01007). Dr. Floortje Mols is supported by a VENI grant (no. 451-10-041) from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (The Hague, The Netherlands), Dr. Lonneke van de Poll-Franse is supported by a Cancer Research Award from the Dutch Cancer Society (no. UVT-2009-4349). These funding agencies had no further role in study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the paper for publication.

Conflict of interest

There is no conflict of interest.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Department, Comprehensive Cancer Centre the Netherlands, PO Box 231, 5600 AE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands

    Simone Oerlemans, Floortje Mols & Lonneke V. van de Poll-Franse

  2. Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic Diseases (CoRPS), Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands

    Simone Oerlemans, Floortje Mols, Wobbe P. Zijlstra & Lonneke V. van de Poll-Franse

  3. Department of Internal Medicine/Hemato-Oncology, Máxima Medical Centre, Eindhoven, Veldhoven, The Netherlands

    Marten R. Nijziel

  4. Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

    Jan Willem W. Coebergh

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  1. Simone Oerlemans
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Correspondence to Simone Oerlemans.

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Oerlemans, S., Mols, F., Nijziel, M.R. et al. The course of anxiety and depression for patients with Hodgkin’s lymphoma or diffuse large B cell lymphoma: a longitudinal study of the PROFILES registry. J Cancer Surviv 8, 555–564 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11764-014-0367-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11764-014-0367-1

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