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The neural correlates of priming emotion and reward systems for conflict processing in alcoholics

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Abstract

Emotional dysregulation in alcoholism (ALC) may result from disturbed inhibitory mechanisms. We therefore tested emotion and alcohol cue reactivity and inhibitory processes using negative priming. To test the neural correlates of cue reactivity and negative priming, 26 ALC and 26 age-matched controls underwent functional MRI performing a Stroop color match-to-sample task. In cue reactivity trials, task-irrelevant emotion and alcohol-related pictures were interspersed between color samples and color words. In negative priming trials, pictures primed the semantic content of an alcohol or emotion Stroop word. Behaviorally, both groups showed response facilitation to picture cue trials and response inhibition to primed trials. For cue reactivity to emotion and alcohol pictures, ALC showed midbrain-limbic activation. By contrast, controls activated frontoparietal executive control regions. Greater midbrain-hippocampal activation in ALC correlated with higher amounts of lifetime alcohol consumption and higher anxiety. With negative priming, ALC exhibited frontal cortical but not midbrain-hippocampal activation, similar to the pattern observed in controls. Higher frontal activation to alcohol-priming correlated with less craving and to emotion-priming with fewer depressive symptoms. The findings suggest that neurofunctional systems in ALC can be primed to deal with upcoming emotion- and alcohol-related conflict and can overcome the prepotent midbrain-limbic cue reactivity response.

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Acknowledgments

We thank William Hawkes for help with data collection, Stephanie Sassoon, Priya Asok, Karen Jackson, and Crystal Caldwell for help with recruitment and clinical interviewing, and Fiona Baker for comments on the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Neuroscience Program, Biosciences Division, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, 94025-3493, USA

    T. Schulte, A. Pfefferbaum, M. Serventi & E. M. Müller-Oehring

  2. Pacific Graduate School of Psychology, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA, USA

    T. Schulte

  3. Deptartment of Psychiatry & Beh. Sci, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA

    Y.-C. Jung, E. V. Sullivan, A. Pfefferbaum, M. Serventi & E. M. Müller-Oehring

  4. Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea

    Y.-C. Jung

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  1. T. Schulte
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  2. Y.-C. Jung
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  3. E. V. Sullivan
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  4. A. Pfefferbaum
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  5. M. Serventi
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  6. E. M. Müller-Oehring
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to T. Schulte.

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Funding

NIH Grants R01 AA018022, AA012388, AA023165, K05 AA017168, and U01 AA017923 funded this work.

Conflict of interest

Authors Tilman Schulte, Young-Chul (Eugene) Jung, Edith V. Sullivan, Adolf Pfefferbaum, Matthew Serventi. and Eva M. Müller-Oehring declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Informed consent

All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2000. Informed consent was obtained from all patients for being included in the study.

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Schulte, T., Jung, YC., Sullivan, E.V. et al. The neural correlates of priming emotion and reward systems for conflict processing in alcoholics. Brain Imaging and Behavior 11, 1751–1768 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-016-9651-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-016-9651-1

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