Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Microstructure and Phase Formation in a Rapidly Solidified Laser-Deposited Ni-Cr-B-Si-C Hardfacing Alloy

  • Published:
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this study, microstructural evolutions and phase selection phenomena during laser deposition of a hardfacing Ni-Cr-B-Si-C alloy at different processing conditions are experimentally investigated. The results show that even minor variations in the thermal conditions during solidification can modify the type and morphology of the phases. Higher undercoolings obtained at faster cooling rates suppressed the primary borides and encouraged floret-shape mixtures of Ni and Cr5B3 via a metastable reaction. Variations in the boride phases are discussed in terms of nucleation- and growth-controlled phase selection mechanisms. These selection processes also influenced the nature and proportion of the Ni-B-Si eutectics by changing the amount of the boron available for the final eutectic reactions. The results of this work emphasize the importance of controlling the cooling rate during deposition of these industrially important alloys using laser beam or other rapid solidification techniques.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Q. Ming, L.C. Lim, and Z.D. Chen: Surf. Coat. Technol., 1998, vol. 106, pp. 174–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. J.M. Miguel, J.M. Guilemany, and S. Vizcaino: Tribol. Int., 2003, vol. 36, pp. 181–87.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. E. Fernández, M. Cadenas, R. González, C. Navas, R. Fernández, and J. de Damborenea: Wear, 2005, vol. 259, pp. 870–75.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. A. Conde, F. Zubiri, and Y.J. De Damborenea: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2002, vol. 334, pp. 233–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. T. Kanichi and K. Hidaka: U.S. Patent No. 4404049, 1984.

  6. I. Hemmati, V. Ocelik, and J.Th.M. De Hosson: in Contact Mechanics and Surface Treatments X, WIT Press, Malta, 2011, pp. 287–96.

  7. I. Hemmati, J. C. Rao, V. Ocelik, and J. Th. M De Hosson: Microscopy and Microanalysis, 2013, vol. 19, pp. 1–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. C. R. Das, S. K. Albert, A. K. Bhaduri, C. Sudha, and A. L. E. Terrance: Surf. Eng., 2005, vol. 21, pp. 290–96.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. T.A.M. Haemers, D.G. Rickerby, F. Lanza, F. Geiger, and E.J. Mittemeijer: J. Mater. Sci., 2000, vol. 35, pp. 5691–98.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. D. Kesavan and M. Kamaraj: Surf. Coat. Technol., 2010, vol. 204, pp. 4034–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. R. Kaul, P. Ganesh, S.K. Albert, A. Jaiswal, N.P. Lalla, A. Gupta, C.P. Paul, and A.K. Nath: Surf. Eng., 2003, vol. 19, pp. 269–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. I. Hemmati, V. Ocelík, and J.Th.M. De Hosson: Mater. Lett., 2012, vol. 84, pp. 69–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. E. Toyserkani: Laser Cladding, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  14. J.D. Kim and Y. Peng: KSME Int. J., 2000, vol. 14, pp. 851–60.

    Google Scholar 

  15. R. Jendrzejewski, I. Kreja, and G. Śliwiński: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2004, vol. 379, pp. 313–20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. D. Wang, E. Liang, M. Chao, and B. Yuan: Surf. Coat. Technol., 2008, vol. 202, pp. 1371–78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. G. S Upadhyaya: Powder Metallurgy Technology, Cambridge International Science Publications, Cambridge, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  18. J.H. Perepezko, J.L. Sebright, P.G. Höckel, and G. Wilde: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2002, vol. 326, pp. 144–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. I. Hemmati, V. Ocelík, and J. Th. M. Hosson: JOM, 2013, vol. 65, pp. 741–48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. V. Ocelík, I. Furár, and J.Th.M. De Hosson: Acta Mater., 2010, vol. 58, pp. 6763–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. C.E. Campbell and U.R. Kattner: Calphad, 2002, vol. 26, pp. 477–90.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. D.H. StJohn and L. M. Hogan: Acta Metall. Mater., 1977, vol. 25, pp. 77–81.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. D.H. StJohn: Acta Metall. Mater., 1990, vol. 38, pp. 631–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. N.A. Berjeza, S.P. Velikevitch, V.I. Mazhukin, I. Smurov, and G. Flamant: Appl. Surf. Sci., 1995, vol. 86, pp. 303–09.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. W. Kurz and R. Trivedi: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 1994, vol. 179–180, pp. 46–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. S. Kou: Welding Metallurgy, Wiley-Interscience, Hoboken, NJ, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  27. M. Li, S. Ozawa, and K. Kuribayashi: Philos. Mag. Lett., 2004, vol. 84, pp. 483–93.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. J. Perepezko, L. Brewer, and R. Schaefer: Mater. Sci. Eng., 1985, vol. 70, pp. 9–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. D.M. Herlach: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 1997, vols. 226–228, pp. 348–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. J.H. Perepezko: Prog. Mater. Sci., 2004, vol. 49, pp. 263–84.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. H. Baker, ed.: ASM Handbook-Alloy Phase Diagrams, 10th ed., ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1992.

  32. F. Cverna, ed.: ASM Ready Reference: Thermal Properties of Metals, ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 2002.

Download references

Acknowledgments

This research was carried out under project number MC7.06259 in the framework of the Research Program of the Materials innovation institute M2i (www.m2i.nl). The Wall Colmonoy Ltd. (The U.K.) is acknowledged for providing Colmonoy 69 powder.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Applied Physics, Materials innovation institute (M2i), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9474 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Ismail Hemmati (Ph.D. Student), Václav Ocelík (Research Fellow) & Jeff Th. M. De Hosson (Professor, Head of Materials Science Group)

  2. Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, 040 01, Kosice, Slovakia

    Kornel Csach (Head of Department)

Authors
  1. Ismail Hemmati
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Václav Ocelík
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Kornel Csach
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Jeff Th. M. De Hosson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Václav Ocelík.

Additional information

Manuscript submitted January 24, 2013.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Hemmati, I., Ocelík, V., Csach, K. et al. Microstructure and Phase Formation in a Rapidly Solidified Laser-Deposited Ni-Cr-B-Si-C Hardfacing Alloy. Metall Mater Trans A 45, 878–892 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-013-2004-4

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-013-2004-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation