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Pattern of Pedestrian Injuries in the City of Nairobi: Implications for Urban Safety Planning

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Abstract

Pedestrians are overrepresented in road traffic injuries and deaths in Nairobi, the capital city of Kenya, yet little research has been done to provide better understanding of the characteristics of pedestrian injuries. This paper presents the data obtained from road traffic injury admissions to Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH) over a 3-month period starting from 1 June to 31 August 2011. A total of 176 persons involved road traffic injuries in Nairobi were admitted to KNH during this period. Pedestrians comprised the highest (59.1 %) proportion of road traffic injury admissions, followed by motor vehicle passengers (24.4 %) and motor cyclists (9.7 %). Bicyclists and drivers accounted for 5.1 and 1.7 %, respectively. Cars (39.4 %) were the leading category of motorized four-wheeler vehicles that were involved in collisions with pedestrians, followed by matatus (35.5 %). Seventy percent of pedestrians were hit while crossing the road, 10.8 % while standing by the road, and 8.1 % while walking along the road. The highest proportion of pedestrian crashes occurred on Saturdays (25.5 %) and Sundays (16.7 %). Most of the pedestrian injuries (67.7 %) affected the limbs. The paper argues that safety of pedestrians should be a priority in road safety efforts in the city of Nairobi. Urban road safety planners should adopt existing cost-effective interventions to improve the safety of pedestrians such as area-wide traffic calming to limit the speeds of motor vehicles to 30 km/h, providing sidewalks for pedestrians, traffic calming in residential neighborhoods, people-and-not-car-oriented urban road designs, traffic education, and enforcement of traffic regulations.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by Volvo Research and Education Foundation through a grant awarded to the author by the African Centre of Excellence for Studies in Public and Non-motorized Transport (ACET). The support is greatly acknowledged. Our special thanks go to the Kenyatta National Hospital Administration for allowing this work to be conducted in the hospital. A great number of staff members in the hospital were very supportive and we do acknowledge their support. Our thanks go to Erick Wasambo for useful contribution in data analysis. We also thank Philip Lokoroi and his team of research assistants who helped with data collection.

This paper was presented, in part, as an oral presentation at the 10th International Conference on Urban Health on 1 to 5 November 2011 in Belo Horizonte, Brazil.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Public Health and Community Development, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya

    Japheths Ogendi

  2. School of Medicine, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya

    Wilson Odero

  3. Institute of Development Studies, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya

    Winnie Mitullah

  4. Department of Injuries and Violence Prevention, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland

    Meleckidzedeck Khayesi

Authors
  1. Japheths Ogendi
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  2. Wilson Odero
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  3. Winnie Mitullah
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  4. Meleckidzedeck Khayesi
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Correspondence to Japheths Ogendi.

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Ogendi, J., Odero, W., Mitullah, W. et al. Pattern of Pedestrian Injuries in the City of Nairobi: Implications for Urban Safety Planning. J Urban Health 90, 849–856 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11524-013-9789-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11524-013-9789-8

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