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Host-Virus Interaction of ZIKA Virus in Modulating Disease Pathogenesis

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Abstract

The Zika virus (ZIKV) is a newly emerging pathogen that has resulted in a worldwide epidemic. It primarily spreads either through infected Aedes aegypti or Aedes albopictus mosquitos leading to severe neurological disorders such as microcephaly and Guillain-Barré syndrome in susceptible individuals. The mode of ZIKV entry into specific cell types such as: epidermal keratinocytes, fibroblasts, immature dendritic cells (iDCs), and stem-cell-derived human neural progenitors has been determined through its major surface envelope glycoprotein. It has been known that oligosaccharides that are covalently linked to viral envelope proteins are crucial in defining host-virus interactions. However, the role of sugars/glycans in exploiting host-immune mechanisms and aiding receptor-mediated virus entry is not well defined. Therefore, this review focuses on host-pathogen interactions to better understand ZIKV pathogenesis.

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Acknowledgements

This work is supported in part by R01AI113883 and Nebraska Neuroscience Alliance Endowed Fund Award to SNB, and we thank Dr. Norgren and Robin Taylor for critical reading of the manuscript.

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  1. Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA

    Nanda Kishore Routhu & Siddappa N. Byrareddy

  2. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA

    Siddappa N. Byrareddy

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  1. Nanda Kishore Routhu
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Routhu, N.K., Byrareddy, S.N. Host-Virus Interaction of ZIKA Virus in Modulating Disease Pathogenesis. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 12, 219–232 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11481-017-9736-7

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