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Diabetesprävention bei Kindern

Diabetes prevention in children

  • Leitthema
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Zusammenfassung

Der Typ-1-Diabetes stellt mit einer jährlichen Inzidenzsteigerung von 4,4% die häufigste Stoffwechselerkrankung bei Kindern und Jugendlichen dar. Die Manifestation der Erkrankung verschiebt sich immer weiter ins jüngere Lebensalter und bedeutet für die Patienten eine lebenslange s.c.-Insulin-Substitution. Präventionsstudien mit dem Ziel, der Entstehung des Autoimmunprozesses, der zum Typ-1-Diabetes führt, vorzubeugen (primäre Prävention) oder seine Entwicklung (sekundäre und tertiäre Prävention) zu verzögern, müssen daher sehr früh im Kindes- und Jugendalter beginnen. Der vorliegende Übersichtsbeitrag stellt Interventionsstudien vor, die an Kindern und Jugendlichen sowie in altersunabhängigen Kollektiven zurzeit durchgeführt werden oder bereits abgeschlossen sind. Die bisherigen Ergebnisse dieser Studien sowie die Vor- und Nachteile für Betroffene und ihre Familien, die mit einer Studienteilnahme verbunden sind, werden kritisch diskutiert.

Abstract

Type 1 diabetes is the most frequent metabolic disease in children and adolescents with an increasing annual incidence of approximately 4.4%. Patients affected by type 1 diabetes are becoming younger and consequently have to inject insulin subcutaneously for their whole life span. Studies aiming at the prevention (primary prevention) or delay (secondary and tertiary prevention) of the autoimmune process causing type 1 diabetes must therefore be initiated during childhood and adolescence. The present review concentrates on recent or current diabetes prevention studies involving children and adolescents and discusses the pros and cons for study participants and their families.

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  1. Allgemeine Kinderheilkunde, Diabetologie, Endokrinologie und Klinische Forschung, Auf der Bult, Kinder- und Jugendkrankenhaus, Janusz-Korczak-Allee 12, 30173, Hannover, Deutschland

    O. Kordonouri

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Kordonouri, O. Diabetesprävention bei Kindern. Diabetologe 7, 576–584 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11428-011-0727-7

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