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Phosphorus content as a function of soil aggregate size and paddy cultivation in highly weathered soils

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Abstract

Red soils are the major land resource in subtropical and tropical areas and are characterized by low phosphorus (P) availability. To assess the availability of P for plants and the potential stability of P in soil, two pairs of subtropical red soil samples from a paddy field and an adjacent uncultivated upland were collected from Hunan Province, China. Analysis of total P and Olsen P and sequential extraction was used to determine the inorganic and organic P fractions in different aggregate size classes. Our results showed that the soil under paddy cultivation had lower proportions of small aggregates and higher proportions of large aggregates than those from the uncultivated upland soil. The portion of >2-mm-sized aggregates increased by 31 and 20 % at Taoyuan and Guiyang, respectively. The total P and Olsen P contents were 50–150 and 50–300 % higher, respectively, in the paddy soil than those in the upland soil. Higher inorganic and organic P fractions tended to be enriched in both the smallest and largest aggregate size classes compared to the middle size class (0.02–0.2 mm). Furthermore, the proportion of P fractions was higher in smaller aggregate sizes (<2 mm) than in the higher aggregate sizes (>2 mm). In conclusion, soils under paddy cultivation displayed improved soil aggregate structure, altered distribution patterns of P fractions in different aggregate size classes, and to some extent had enhanced labile P pools.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported financially by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB15020401), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41271483), Youth Innovation Promotion Association, CAS (2012273), and the Recruitment Program of High-end Foreign Experts of the State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs awarded to Prof. Georg Guggenberger and Prof. Kazuyuki Inubushi (GDT20154300073), International Cooperation and Regional Science and Technology of Hunan Province (2015WK3044), and the State Scholarship Fund of China Scholarship Council.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring and Key Laboratory of Agro-ecology Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China

    Baozhen Li, Tida Ge, Heai Xiao, Zhenke Zhu, Yong Li, Shoulong Liu, Jinshui Wu, Kazuyuki Inubushi & Georg Guggenberger

  2. Institute of Soil Science, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30419, Hannover, Germany

    Olga Shibistova & Georg Guggenberger

  3. Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, Matsudo, 271-8510, Japan

    Kazuyuki Inubushi

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  1. Baozhen Li
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  2. Tida Ge
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  7. Shoulong Liu
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  9. Kazuyuki Inubushi
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  10. Georg Guggenberger
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Correspondence to Jinshui Wu.

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Responsible editor: Zhihong Xu

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Li, B., Ge, T., Xiao, H. et al. Phosphorus content as a function of soil aggregate size and paddy cultivation in highly weathered soils. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23, 7494–7503 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5977-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5977-2

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