Abstract
Following its first identification in Germany in 2011, the Schmallenberg virus (SBV) has rapidly spread to many other European countries. Despite the wide dissemination, the molecular characterization of the circulating strains is limited to German, Belgian, Dutch, and Swiss viruses. To fill this gap, partial genetic characterization of 15 Italian field strains was performed, based on S segment genes. Samples were collected in 2012 in two different regions where outbreaks occurred during distinct epidemic seasons. The comparative sequence analysis demonstrated a high molecular stability of the circulating viruses; nevertheless, we identified several variants of the N and NSs proteins not described in other SBV isolates circulating in Europe.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
References
V. Doceul, E. Lara, C. Sailleau, G. Belbis, J. Richardson, E. Bréard, C. Viarouge, M. Dominguez, P. Hendrikx, D. Calavas, A. Desprat, J. Languille, L. Comtet, P. Pourquier, J.F. Eléouët, B. Delmas, P. Marianneau, D. Vitour, S. Zientara, Vet. Res. 44, 31 (2013)
C.T. Walter, D.F. Bento, A.G. Alonso, J.N. Barr, J. Gen. Virol. 92, 80–84 (2011)
R.M. Elliott, G. Blakqori, Bunyaviridae: Molecular and Cellular Biology (Caister Academic Press, Norfolk, 2011), pp. 1–39
H. Dong, P. Li, R.M. Elliott, C. Dong, J. Virol. 87, 5593–6015 (2013)
S. Eifan, E. Schnetter, I. Dietrich, A. Kohl, A. Blomstörm, Viruses 5, 2447–2468 (2013)
T. Balenghien, N. Pagès, M. Goffredo, S. Carpenter, D. Augot, E. Jacquier, S. Talavera, F. Monaco, J. Depaquit, C. Grillet, J. Pujols, G. Satta, M. Kasbari, M.L. Setier-Rio, F. Izzo, C. Alkan, J.C. Delécolle, M. Quaglia, R. Charrel, A. Polci, E. Bréard, V. Federici, C. Cêtre-Sossah, C. Garros, Prev. Vet. Med. 116, 360–369 (2014)
European Food Safety Authority—EFSA, Technical Report, “Schmallenberg” virus: analysis of the epidemiological data. http://www.efsa.europa.eu/it/supporting/doc/429e.pdf. Accessed the 28 October 2015
H. Yilmaz, B. Hoffmann, N. Turan, U.Y. Cizmecigil, J.A. Richt, W.H. Van der Poel, Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 14, 223–225 (2014)
F. Monaco, M. Goffredo, V. Federici, A. Carvelli, A. Capobianco Dondona, A. Polci, C. Pinoni, M.L. Danzetta, L. Selli, M. Bonci, M. Quaglia, P. Calistri, Vet. Ital. 49, 269–275 (2013)
M. Goffredo, F. Monaco, G. Capelli, M. Quaglia, V. Federici, M. Catalani, F. Montarsi, A. Polci, C. Pinoni, P. Calistri, G. Savini, Prev. Vet. Med. 111, 230–236 (2013)
K. Tamura, G. Stecher, D. Peterson, A. Filipski, S. Kumar, Mol. Biol. Evol. 30, 2725–2729 (2013)
M. Hulst, J. Kortekaas, R. Hakze-van der Honing, S. Vastenhouw, J. Cornellissen, K. van Maanen, A. Bossers, F. Harders, N. Stockhofe, W. van der Poel, Virus Genes 47, 505–514 (2013)
M. Fischer, B. Hoffmann, K.V. Goller, D. Höper, K. Wernike, M. Beer, J. Gen. Virol. 94, 1161–1167 (2013)
M.A. Hofmann, M. Mader, F. Flückiger, S. Renzullo, Vet. Microbiol. 176, 97–108 (2015)
K. Wernike, B. Hoffmann, F.J. Conraths, M. Beer, Emerg. Infect. Dis. 21, 1202–1204 (2015)
K. Brugger, F. Rubel, Parasit Vectors 6, 333 (2013)
Funding
This study was supported by the Italian Ministry of Health.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare no competing interests.
Ethical approval
This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors.
Additional information
Edited by Dr.William Dundon.
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Izzo, F., Cosseddu, G.M., Polci, A. et al. Genetic characterization of Italian field strains of Schmallenberg virus based on N and NSs genes. Virus Genes 52, 582–585 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-016-1335-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-016-1335-9