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Preliminary assessment on potentials of probiotic B. subtilis RX7 and B. methylotrophicus C14 strains as an immune modulator in Salmonella-challenged weaned pigs

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Abstract

A total of 40 crossbred weaned piglets (28 days old; [Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc) were used for preliminary assessment on potentials of Bacillus-based probiotics as an immune modulator in a Salmonella Typhimurium challenge model in a 3-week experiment. Pigs were randomly allotted to four experimental diets according to their initial body weight (9.21 ± 1.1 kg) and sex (10 pigs per treatment; 5 barrows and 5 gilts). The dietary treatments were basal diet (CON), basal diet + oral administration of Salmonella enterica ser. Typhimurium at the dosage of 1 mL containing 1 × 1011 cfu/mL of viable cell concentrations at day 21 (SC), SC + Bacillus subtilis (BS), and SC+ Bacillus methylotrophicus (BM). After 12 h of Salmonella challenge, the red blood cell (RBC), immunoglobulin G (IgG), and immunoglobulin M (IgM) concentrations were reduced (P < 0.05) whereas haptoglobin and cortisol levels were greater (P < 0.05) in SC compared with CON. However, the concentrations of RBC, IgG, and IgM were increased whereas haptoglobin and cortisol levels were reduced in BS and BM compared with SC. The probiotic-treated groups showed reduced (P < 0.05) IgM levels and increased (P < 0.05) WBC and cortisol levels compared with CON. The supplementation of probiotics showed increased (P < 0.05) fecal Lactobacillus counts and reduced Escherichia coli and Salmonella counts in piglets though there was no biological relevance compared with SC. Thus, in our preliminary study, Bacillus-based probiotic has shown some positive immunomodulatory effects in Salmonella-challenged pigs which provided a base for further studies.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Human Resource Training Program for Regional Innovation and Creativity through the Ministry of Education and National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2014H1C1A1067113) and by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy (MOTIE) and Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology (KIAT) (R0000576).

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  1. Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, No. 29 Anseodong, Cheonan, Choongnam, 330-714, South Korea

    Santi Devi Upadhaya, Suresh Kumar Shanmugam, Dae Kyung Kang & In Ho Kim

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  1. Santi Devi Upadhaya
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  2. Suresh Kumar Shanmugam
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Correspondence to In Ho Kim.

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Upadhaya, S.D., Shanmugam, S.K., Kang, D.K. et al. Preliminary assessment on potentials of probiotic B. subtilis RX7 and B. methylotrophicus C14 strains as an immune modulator in Salmonella-challenged weaned pigs. Trop Anim Health Prod 49, 1065–1070 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-017-1278-8

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