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Detection of peste des petits ruminants virus in formalin-fixed tissues

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Abstract

Peste des petits ruminants virus that causes a highly infectious and often fatal disease of sheep and goats is confirmed by various diagnostic techniques among them being isolation of the virus from cell culture systems, viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) detection by molecular assays, and viral antigen detection by immunocapture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (IC ELISA), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and AGAR gel test. Whereas most of the confirmatory diagnostic procedures require pathological samples to be stored frozen to preserve integrity of the peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus RNA, samples for IHC tests are preserved in 10 % formalin. In this study, nine formalin-fixed pathological samples from three goats suspected of PPR were processed for extraction of PPR viral RNA and analyzed for detection with real-time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay. The results showed that five out of the nine tested samples returned positive for presences PPR viral genome. This study has established that field pathological samples of PPR-suspected cases, collected and stored in 10 % formalin for up 2 years, could be used for PPR virus RNA extraction for disease virus confirmation.

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Acknowledgments

This is to acknowledge “The Regional Universities Forum for Capacity Building in Agriculture” (RUFORUM) (RU/CFP/CGS/TADS/09/1) for the financial support as well as Vetworks Eastern Africa for their logistical assistance towards this study. Acknowledgement also goes to University of Nairobi Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases (UNITID) for providing their molecular laboratories to carry out the molecular analysis of this study which was part of corresponding author’s PhD research work.

Ethics statement

This field pathological study was conducted in a manner to ensure quality and integrity of the research. Consent was sought from Directorate of Veterinary Services who granted the permission for collection of field laboratory samples on peste des petit ruminants vide letter referenced “Ref.Meat/Vol.XIV/42” dated 1st July 2011. Consent was also sought from Turkana herders for voluntary presentation of their small stock for collection of samples which they granted and facilitated the exercise.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053, 00625, Uthiru, Kenya

    Simon Mwangi Kihu, George Chege Gitao, Lily Caroline Bebora, Munene John Njenga, Ndichu Maingi & Raphael Githaiga Wahome

  2. Faculty of Arts, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197, 00100, Nairobi, Kenya

    Gidraph Gachunga Wairire

  3. University of Nairobi Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases (UNITID), P.O. Box 19676, 00202, Nairobi, Kenya

    Julius Otieno Oyugi & Ernest Lutomia

Authors
  1. Simon Mwangi Kihu
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  2. George Chege Gitao
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  3. Lily Caroline Bebora
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  4. Munene John Njenga
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  5. Gidraph Gachunga Wairire
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  6. Ndichu Maingi
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  7. Raphael Githaiga Wahome
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  8. Julius Otieno Oyugi
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  9. Ernest Lutomia
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Correspondence to Simon Mwangi Kihu.

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Kihu, S.M., Gitao, G.C., Bebora, L.C. et al. Detection of peste des petits ruminants virus in formalin-fixed tissues. Trop Anim Health Prod 47, 247–249 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-014-0707-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-014-0707-1

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