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A comparative study on growth and morphology of wasabi plantlets under the influence of the micro-environment in shoot and root zones during photoautotrophic and photomixotrophic micropropagation

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Abstract

The growth of wasabi (Wasabia japonica Matsumura) plantlets under different micro-environments inside culture vessels in photoautotrophic micropropagation (PA) and photomixotrophic micropropagation (PM) conditions were compared. After 28 days of culture, dry weight, relative growth rate, leaf area, and leaf chlorophyll contents of plantlets in PA were greater than those in PM. The number of leaves did not differ significantly between PA and PM conditions. PA promoted root growth and development with a greater number of roots, root length, root diameter, root fresh weight, root dry weight, and root xylem vessel system. Dissolved oxygen concentration in PA culture medium sharply decreased after 7 days of culture and then recovered. In PM culture medium, no significant fluctuation of dissolved oxygen concentration was apparent. The net photosynthetic rates of plantlets in PA were much higher than those in PM and increased with culture time. In contrast, the net photosynthetic rates of wasabi plantlets in PM kept a low and constant value during the culture period. With the presence of gas exchange membranes attached to the vessel lids, the detected vapor pressure deficit was higher in PA than in PM conditions. Higher stomatal density and larger stomatal aperture on the abaxial and adaxial surfaces of the leaves in PM medium promoted leaf water loss following ex vitro conditions. Thus, PA is applicable for producing healthy wasabi transplants.

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Abbreviations

PA:

Photoautotrophic micropropagation

PM:

Photomixotrophic micropropagation

FW:

Fresh weight

DW:

Dry weight

RGR:

Relative growth rate

S/R:

Shoot/root dry weight ratio

WC:

Water content

WLR:

Water loss rate

Pn :

Net photosynthetic rate

RH:

Relative humidity

VPD:

Vapor pressure deficit

DO:

Dissolved oxygen

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Yanmar Co. Ltd. for providing wasabi materials and equipment and also Dr. Hajime Furukawa, Osaka Prefecture University, for providing meristem cultures.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Sciences and Technology, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan

    Nhung Ngoc Hoang, Yoshiaki Kitaya, Teruyuki Morishita, Ryosuke Endo & Toshio Shibuya

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  1. Nhung Ngoc Hoang
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  2. Yoshiaki Kitaya
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  3. Teruyuki Morishita
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  4. Ryosuke Endo
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  5. Toshio Shibuya
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Correspondence to Nhung Ngoc Hoang or Yoshiaki Kitaya.

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Hoang, N.N., Kitaya, Y., Morishita, T. et al. A comparative study on growth and morphology of wasabi plantlets under the influence of the micro-environment in shoot and root zones during photoautotrophic and photomixotrophic micropropagation. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 130, 255–263 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-017-1219-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-017-1219-2

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