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Kelvin Helmholtz Instability in Planetary Magnetospheres

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Abstract

Kelvin–Helmholtz instability plays a particularly important role in plasma transport at magnetospheric boundaries because it can control the development of a turbulent boundary layer, which governs the transport of mass, momentum, and energy across the boundary. Waves generated at the interface can also couple into body modes in the plasma sheet and inner magnetosphere where they can play an important role in plasma sheet transport and particle energization in the inner magnetosphere. Kinetic and electron-scale effects are important for the development of K–H instability, leading to secondary instabilities and plasma mixing. The development of vortices that entwine magnetosheath field lines with magnetospheric field lines also allows reconnection and the interchange of plasma blobs from open to closed field lines. Dawn-dusk asymmetries in Kelvin–Helmholtz development at planetary boundary layers may result from several effects including plasma corotation, kinetic effects, magnetic geometry, or asymmetric distribution of plasma. Examples are provided throughout the solar system illustrating the pervasive effects of the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability on plasma transport.

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Acknowledgements

Simon Wing gratefully acknowledges support from NSF Grants ATM-0802715, and AGS-1058456 and NASA Grant NNX13AE12G. Jay Johnson was funded by NASA grants (NNH09AM53I, NNH09AK63I, and NNH11AR07I), NSF Grants ATM0902730 and AGS-1203299, and DOE contract DE-AC02-09CH11466. We acknowledge the support of the International Space Science Institute (ISSI) International Teams Program, which made it possible for a small team of scientists to convene and have in-depth, informal discussions on topics relevant to this paper. Last but not least, we also thank NSF GEM for supporting Plasma entry and transport into and within the magnetotail (PET) Focus Group, which provided a forum for fruitful discussions of the topics covered in this paper.

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  1. Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08543, USA

    Jay R. Johnson

  2. Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, MD, 20723, USA

    Simon Wing

  3. Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA

    Peter A. Delamere

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Johnson, J.R., Wing, S. & Delamere, P.A. Kelvin Helmholtz Instability in Planetary Magnetospheres. Space Sci Rev 184, 1–31 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-014-0085-z

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