Abstract
In this review we confront the current theoretical understanding of particle acceleration at relativistic outflows with recent observational results on various source classes thought to involve such outflows, e.g. gamma-ray bursts, active galactic nuclei, and pulsar wind nebulae. We highlight the possible contributions of these sources to ultra-high-energy cosmic rays.
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Notes
This scenario implicitly postulates a very large proton-to-helium ratio in the source.
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Acknowledgements
A.M.B. was supported in part by the Russian government grant 11.G34.31.0001 to Sankt-Petersburg State Politechnical University, and also by the RAS and RAS Presidium Programs and by the RFBR grant 11-02-12082. N.G. acknowledges scientific discussions and assistance by J. Cannizzo. M.P. is supported by the ‘Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Phyics HAP’ funded by the Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association. M.L. and G.P. acknowledge financial support of the PEPS/PTI program of the CNRS-INP.
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Bykov, A., Gehrels, N., Krawczynski, H. et al. Particle Acceleration in Relativistic Outflows. Space Sci Rev 173, 309–339 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-012-9896-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-012-9896-y