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On the Connection Between Solar Activity and Low-Latitude Aurorae in the Period 1715 – 1860

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Abstract

Observations of aurorae borealis at low latitudes are very rare and are clearly associated with strong geomagnetic storms. Morphologically, they are characterized by a diffuse red colour with no rapid motions. The main aim of this paper is to analyse two hitherto ignored aurorae that were observed at two low-latitude sites, Tenerife (28°N 18°W) and Mexico City (19°N 99°W), in 1770 and 1789, respectively. These observations can give supplementary information about the level of solar activity at those times where direct solar observations were rather scarce. Studying also the behaviour of the heliosphere during this period using different proxies, we find that the open magnetic field better describes auroral occurrences. The variation over time in geomagnetic latitude at the two sites is also calculated.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38205, La Laguna, Spain

    M. Vázquez

  2. Departamento de Física, Escuela Politécnica, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, E-10071, Cáceres, Spain

    J. M. Vaquero

  3. Observatorio del Ebro, CSIC – Universidad Ramón Llull, Horta Alta 38, 43520, Roquetes, Spain

    J. J. Curto

Authors
  1. M. Vázquez
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  2. J. M. Vaquero
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  3. J. J. Curto
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Correspondence to M. Vázquez.

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Vázquez, M., Vaquero, J.M. & Curto, J.J. On the Connection Between Solar Activity and Low-Latitude Aurorae in the Period 1715 – 1860. Sol Phys 238, 405–420 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-006-0194-2

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