Abstract
In 538 randomly selected Swedish biomedical PhDs from 2008, 50% of the external examiners came from abroad, most commonly USA and UK. The sex distribution between candidates was equal, while 17% of the external examiners were women. Twice as many women candidates as men had women examiners. Swedish PhDs are based on work published in international peer-reviewed journals; the median number of works per thesis was 4. The Swedish thesis examination system offers a model for international cross-fertilisation.
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Breimer, L.H. Swedish biomedical PhD examination: an international forum and a proposed procedure for Europe. Scientometrics 83, 583–587 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-009-0081-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-009-0081-3