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Potassium phthalimide: an efficient and simple organocatalyst for the one-pot synthesis of dihydropyrano[3,2-c]chromenes in aqueous media

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Abstract

A series of dihydropyrano[3,2-c]chromene derivatives were obtained via treating cyano methylene compounds (malononitrile or ethyl cyanoacetate), aromatic aldehydes, and 4-hydroxycoumarin in the presence of potassium phthalimide, as a green, mild, efficient, and commercially available organocatalyst in aqueous media. This procedure was easily performed, which provides a straightforward route for the synthesis of diverse dihydropyrano[3,2-c]chromene compounds. Safety, short reaction times, environmentally friendly, no use of hazardous organic solvents, and high yields are remarkable advantages of this process.

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Acknowledgment

The authors are grateful to the Research Council of Damghan University for partial financial support of this work.

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  1. School of Chemistry, Damghan University, 36715-364, Damghan, Iran

    Hamzeh Kiyani & Fatemeh Ghorbani

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  1. Hamzeh Kiyani
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  2. Fatemeh Ghorbani
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Correspondence to Hamzeh Kiyani.

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Kiyani, H., Ghorbani, F. Potassium phthalimide: an efficient and simple organocatalyst for the one-pot synthesis of dihydropyrano[3,2-c]chromenes in aqueous media. Res Chem Intermed 41, 4031–4046 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-013-1508-2

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