Skip to main content
Log in

Bayesian Nash equilibria using extended Werner-like states

  • Published:
Quantum Information Processing Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We study quantum strategies in games of incomplete information using a formalism of game theory based on multi-sector probability matrix. We analyze an extension of the well-known game of Battle of Sexes using an extended Werner-like state focusing in how its mixedness and entanglement affect the Bayesian Nash payoffs of the player. It is shown that entanglement is needed to outperform classical payoffs but not all entangled states are useful due to the presence of mixedness. A threshold for the mixedness parameter and the minimum entanglement value were found.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. von Neumann, J., Morgenstern, O.: The Theory of Games and Economic Behaviour. Princeton University Press, Princeton (1947)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  2. Harsanyi, J.C.: Games with incomplete information played by Bayesian players, part I. The basic model. Manag. Sci. 14, 159 (1967)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  3. Harsanyi, J.C.: Games with incomplete information played by Bayesian players, part II. Bayesian equilibrium points. Manag. Sci. 14, 320 (1968)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  4. Harsanyi, J.C.: Games with incomplete information played by Bayesian players, part III. The basic probability distribution of the game. Manag. Sci. 14, 486 (1968)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  5. Meyer, D.A.: Quantum strategies. Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 1052 (1999)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  6. Guo, H., Zhang, J., Koehler, G.J.: A survey of quantum games. Decis. Support Syst. 46, 318 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Anand, N., Benjamin, C.: Do quantum strategies always win? Quantum Inf. Process. 14, 4027 (2015)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  8. Eisert, J., Wilkens, M., Lewenstein, M.: Quantum games and quantum strategies. Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 3077 (1999)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. Arfi, B.: Resolving the trust predicament: a quantum game-theoretic approach. Theory Decis. 59, 127 (2005)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  10. Marinatto, L., Weber, T.: A quantum approach to static games of complete information. Phys. Lett. A 272, 291 (2000)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  11. Nawaz, A., Toor, A.H.: Dilemma and quantum battle of sexes. J. Phys. A Math. Gen. 37, 4437 (2004)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  12. Du, J., Xu, X., Li, H., Shi, M., Zhou, X., Han, R.: Nash Equilibrium in the Quantum Battle of Sexes Game. arXiv:quant-ph/0010050v3 (2000)

  13. Nawaz, A., Toor, A.H.: Generalized quantization scheme for two-person non-zero sum games. J. Phys. A Math. Gen. 37, 11457 (2004)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  14. Zu, C., Wang, Y.-X., Chang, X.-Y., Wei, Z.-H., Zhang, S.-Y., Duan, L.-M.: Experimental demonstration of quantum gain in a zero-sum game. New J. Phys. 14, 033002 (2012)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. Du, J., Li, H., Xu, X., Shi, M., Wu, J., Zhou, X., Han, R.: Experimental realization of quantum games on a quantum computer. Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 137902 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. Prevedel, R., Stefanov, A., Walther, P., Zeilinger, A.: Experimental realization of a quantum game on a one-way quantum computer. New J. Phys. 9, 205 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  17. Nawaz, A., Toor, A.H.: Quantum Games and Quantum Discord. arXiv:1012.1428v1 [quant-ph] (2010)

  18. Nawaz, A.: Werner-like States and Strategic Form of Quantum Games. arXiv:1307.5508v1 [quant-ph] (2013)

  19. Cheon, T., Iqbal, A.: Bayesian Nash equilibria and Bell inequalities. J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 77, 024801 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. Iqbal, A., Chappell, J.M., Li, Q., Pearce, C.E.M., Abbott, D.: A probabilistic approach to quantum Bayesian games of incomplete information. Quantum Inf. Process. 13, 2783 (2014)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  21. Brunner, N., Linden, N.: Connection between Bell nonlocality and Bayesian game theory. Nat. Commun. 4, 2057 (2013)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  22. Shoham, Y., Leyton-brown, K.: Multiagent Systems: Algorithmic, Game Theoretic, and Logical Foundations. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2008)

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  23. Shan, C.H., Liu, J.B., Chen, T., Cheng, W.W., Liu, T.K., Huang, Y.X., Li, H.: Entanglement for two-qubit extended Werner-like states: effect of non-Markovian environments. Commun. Theor. Phys. 54, 427 (2010)

    Article  ADS  MATH  Google Scholar 

  24. Werner, R.F.: Quantum states with Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen correlations admitting a hidden-variable model. Phys. Rev. A 40, 4277 (1989)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  25. Wootters, W.K.: Entanglement of formation of an arbitrary state of two qubits. Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 2245 (1998)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

M.E. Soto thanks Dirección de Postgrado de la Universidad de Concepción for financial support.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. Alid-Vaccarezza.

Additional information

This work was supported by FONDECyT No. 3130443.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Alid-Vaccarezza, M., Soto, M.E. Bayesian Nash equilibria using extended Werner-like states. Quantum Inf Process 15, 4337–4346 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11128-016-1387-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11128-016-1387-8

Keywords

Navigation