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Grape stems as a source of bioactive compounds: application towards added-value commodities and significance for human health

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Abstract

Phenolic compounds occur in high concentration in grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) and grape’s by-products as secondary metabolites responsible for distinct functions linked to plants protection against biotic and abiotic environmental stress. Once integrated as an ingredient in added-value products, these compounds are responsible for the protective effect described regarding plant material extracts, which has become an increasingly important area of applied research. Grape stems constitute the less valorised residue from grapes derived from the winery industry. Moreover to their value as a source of bioactive (poly)phenols, this material could display an additional advantage due to their content in complex carbohydrates, which provide benefits through improving the digestive process as insoluble fibres that reduce the absorption of unhealthy fats and promote detoxification processes. However, the application of this material as a functional ingredient might entail the modification of the (poly)phenolic profile resulting from processing procedures. These microbiological derived compounds require a further evaluation concerning their biological activity and technological applications. The inclusion of intact (poly)phenolic extracts of grape-stems in cosmetic and pharmaceutical formulations may allow to evaluate directly the biological effect of these compounds in vivo. This is an overview of the compounds present in grape stems and their potential to exert valuable biological and technological applications through their integration in distinct added-value products as well as the impact of available processing alternatives.

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Abbreviations

DF:

Dietary fibre

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

RSM:

Response surface methodology

SSF:

Solid state fermentation

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by national funds by FCT—Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, under the Project UID/AGR/04033/2013 and Project INNOFOOD—INNovation in the FOOD sector through the valorization of food and agro-food by-products—NORTE-07-0124-FEDER-0000029, financed by the North Portugal Regional Operational Programme (ON.2—O Novo Norte) under the National Strategic Reference Framework (QREN), through the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER), as well as by National Funds (PIDDAC) through the FCT/MEC. RDP was supported by a Postdoctoral contract from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology within the framework of the National Scientific and Technologic System. Contracting AGV and NB were founded by the CSIC/European Social Fund for a JAE pre-doctoral Grant and by a FPU (Formación de Profesorado Universitario) Grant of the Fellowship Programme from the Spanish Ministry of Education, respectively.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal

    Ana Barros, Ana Texeira & Raúl Domínguez-Perles

  2. Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo - 25, 30100, Murcia, Spain

    Amadeo Gironés-Vilaplana & Nieves Baenas

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  1. Ana Barros
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  2. Amadeo Gironés-Vilaplana
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  3. Ana Texeira
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  5. Raúl Domínguez-Perles
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Correspondence to Raúl Domínguez-Perles.

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Barros, A., Gironés-Vilaplana, A., Texeira, A. et al. Grape stems as a source of bioactive compounds: application towards added-value commodities and significance for human health. Phytochem Rev 14, 921–931 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-015-9421-5

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