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Response of snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus L.) to blended water irrigation and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation: uptake of minerals and leaf water relations

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Photosynthetica

Abstract

A greenhouse study was performed in order to investigate the effects of three arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) species on vegetative growth, water relations, and mineral composition parameters of snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus cv. Bells white) under irrigation from different water sources. Five irrigation treatments included using purely desalinized (fresh) water (DW), as a control, three different blends of DW with saline ground water from a well with increasing salinity, and one with 100% of saline well water. Inoculation with AMF enhanced growth rates and a relative water content of snapdragon plants grown under well-water irrigation. AMF also improved the leaf water potential and increased water-use efficiency of the plants. Shoot and root dry masses were higher in the AMF-treated plants than those in AMF-free plants. In both shoots and roots, concentrations of total P, Ca2+, N, Mg2+, and K+ were higher in the AMF-treated plants compared with AMF-free plants under salt-stress conditions. Shoot Cl- and Na+ concentrations were lower in the AMF-treated plants than those in the AMF-free plants grown under well-water irrigation. Snapdragon plants exhibited a high degree of dependency on AMF; it improved plant growth rates and leaf water relations, particularly, with increasing salinity of irrigation water.

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Abbreviations

AMF:

arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

DM:

dry mass

DW:

desalinized water

FM:

fresh mass

Pt:

plant tolerance

RWC:

relative water content

WW:

well water

WUE:

water-use efficiency

ψw :

leaf water potential

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University., P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia

    Y. I. El-Nashar

  2. Ornamental Plants and Landscape Gardening Research Department, Al-Montaza Garden, Horticultural Research Institute, ARC, Giza, Egypt

    Y. I. El-Nashar

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Correspondence to Y. I. El-Nashar.

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Acknowledgments: Authors wish to thank to College of Food and Agricultural Research Center and Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia for supporting this work.

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El-Nashar, Y.I. Response of snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus L.) to blended water irrigation and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation: uptake of minerals and leaf water relations. Photosynthetica 55, 201–209 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11099-016-0650-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11099-016-0650-7

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